多源流理论视域下《加快人工智能领域研究生培养》政策议程探析

On the Policy Agenda of Accelerating the Cultivation of Postgraduates in the Field of Artificial Intelligence from the Perspective of Multiple Streams Approach

为更好地理解与执行《加快人工智能领域研究生培养》政策,基于多源流理论,可对《加快人工智能领域研究生培养》纳入政府议程的过程进行分析。研究发现,《加快人工智能领域研究生培养》问题源流由科技推动人工智能的发展、人工智能高层次人才需求量大、人工智能人才培养存在问题、国内外高校人工智能人才培养存在差异汇聚而成;政策源流由政府及官员的高度重视、专家学者的积极献策、高校的积极参与、行业的大力推动构成;政治源流由公众对人工智能发展的迫切需求、美国对人工智能技术的出口管制与制裁、党和国家战略部署构成。因新冠肺炎引起的公众对人工智能问题的高度关注以及相关政策的“溢出效应”开启“政策之窗”,教育部高层领导抓住时机,促进了三源流汇合,推动了《加快人工智能领域研究生培养》政策的形成和实施。

In order to better understand and implement the policy of"accelerating the cultivation of postgraduates in the field of artificial intelligence",based on the Multiple Streams Approach,this paper analyzes the process of policy into the government agenda.It is found that the problem stream consists of the development of artificial intelligence promoted by science and technology,the large demand for high-level artificial intelligence talents,the existing problems and the big gap in the cultivation of AI talents among colleges and universities.The policy stream is composed of the high attention of the government and officials,the constructive suggestions from experts and scholars,the active participation of colleges and universities,and the vigorous promotion of the industry.The political stream includes the public urgent desire for AI development,US export control and sanctions on AI technology,and strategic deployment of the Party and the state.The public's high attention to AI after outbreak of COVID-19,the opening of the window of policy under the spillover effect of related policies,provided a good opportunity for senior leaders of the Ministry of Education to promote the convergence of three streams and promoted the formation and implementation of the policy.