孟子圣王观的治道思想探析

On Mencius'Thought of Governing the Way of the Sage King

圣王观是儒家一以贯之的政治主张,孟子更是将其奉为治道之方。圣王观主要是从君主的角度出发,主张君主首先要具备崇高的德行,成为圣人,其次要拥有卓越的治国理政能力,即“内圣外王”之意涵。孟子圣王观的治道思想即是对“内圣外王”的具体阐释。孟子圣王观治道思想的基础是君主持仁心行仁政,以民为本;治道思想的方法是君主尊贤使能,以平等之心对待群臣;治道思想的最终归宿是君主要做到安民、养民、教民。孟子圣王观的治道思想对当今治国理政有着一定的借鉴意义。

The view of sage king is a consistent political proposition of Confucianism,and Mencius regarded it as the way of governing.The concept of sage king is mainly from the perspective of the monarch.It advocates that the monarch should first have lofty virtue and become a saint,and then he should have excellent ability of governing the country,that is,the connotation of“internal saint and external king”.Mencius's thought of governing the way of sage king is the concrete interpretation of“inner sage and outer king”.The basis of Mencius'thought of governing the way is that the king presides over the benevolent heart and conducts the benevolent government with the people as the foundation;the method of the thought of governing the way is that the monarch respects the virtuous and uses his ability and treats the officials with the heart of equality;the ultimate goal of the thought of governing the way is that the monarch can mainly make peace,support and teach the people.Mencius's thought of governing the country has a certain reference significance to the governance of the country.