江西省中学生健康素养评估量表研制及应用评价

Development and Application Evaluation of Health Literacy Assessment Scale for Middle School Students in Jiangxi Province

目的构建中学生健康素养评估量表,评价江西省经济欠发达地区中学生健康素养水平。方法用Delphi法、经典测量方法及项目反映理论评估方法构建中学生健康素养量表,采用层次分析法确定指标权重;Cronbach’sα系数、探索性因子分析、相关系数评价量表信效度。采用分层整群抽样方法,选取江西省25个原贫困县50所农村中学,对七、八年级学生各随机抽取1个班级,使用该量表进行整群调查。结果中学生健康素养量表总体的Cronbach’sα系数为0.735,各维度的Cronbach’sα系数分别为0.811、0.620、0.674、0.646。条目与维度得分的Pearson相关系数为0.20-0.81;因子分析KMO值为0.656,共生成13个公因子,对方差总变异的累积贡献率为70.672%。采用该量表共调查4673名学生,七、八年级学生得分分别为(90.40±14.50)、(93.08±14.51)分,其总体健康素养具备率为2.67%。结论该量表具有良好的信效度,适合江西省欠发达地区中学生健康素养评估;江西省欠发达地区中学生健康素养水平极低。

Objective To construct the health literacy assessment scale for middle school students,and to evaluate the health literacy level of middle school students in underdeveloped areas of Jiangxi Province.Methods The health literacy assessment scale was constructed using Delphi method,classical measurement and item response theory evaluation.The weight of each item was given by analytic hierarchy process.The Cronbach’sαcoefficient,exploratory factor analysis and correlation coefficient were used to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale.Using stratified cluster sampling method,50 rural middle schools in 25 poverty-stricken counties in Jiangxi Province were selected.One class was randomly selected from seventh and eighth grades,and the scale was used for cluster survey.Results The overall Cronbach’sαcoefficient was 0.735.The Cronbach’sαcoefficients for each dimension were 0.811,0.620,0.674 and 0.646,respectively.The Pearson correlation coefficients between item and dimension score were 0.20-0.81.The KMO statistic in factor analysis was 0.656 and 13 factors predicted 70.672%of total variance.A total of 4673 middle school students were surveyed using this scale.The total score was 90.40±14.50 in seventh grade students,and 93.08±14.51 in eighth grade students.The overall rate of health literacy was 2.67%.Conclusion The scale has relatively good reliability and validity,and therefore is suitable for health literacy assessment.The health literacy level is extremely low among middle school students in impoverished counties of Jiangxi Province.