深海甚低频水声与地震波场的联合探测试验

Experimental study on deep-sea VLF passive detection by combining acoustic and seismic wave fields

为我国深海水中兵器甚低频声场与地震波场联合引信技术提供可行性依据,设计并研制了深海自容式三分量地震波传感系统,利用深海坐底潜标搭载在我国南海海域(布深1825 m)开展了实船目标特性感知试验。通过设置走航测线,获取了目标深海甚低频水声场与地震波场实测数据,对比分析结果表明了舰船甚低频水声场与地震波场对目标探测的贡献具有共性与差异性。水声场因包含更丰富的周期窄带信息而更具主导性,而地震波场用于检测目标近场通过时明显优于水声场,甚至存在水声场无法感知的独特谱线,对三分量地震波场的实船噪声包络解调分析亦表明其用于感知螺旋桨轴频和叶频关键特征的优势。鉴于此,联合舰船甚低频水声场与地震波场对水中兵器探测目标、抗扫、抗诱骗等具有积极作用,发展深海甚低频联合引信技术是必要且可行的。

A deep-sea,self-contained,three-component seismic wave sensing system is designed in this work to provide the feasibility basis of combined fuze technology of very low frequency(VLF)acoustic and seismic wavefields.A real ship target sensing test is conducted in the South China Sea(depth:1825 m)with a deep-sea bottom-sitting subsurface buoy sensing system.The test data of the acoustic field and seismic wave field of a moving ship are obtained by setting a survey line.Comparative analysis of these data indicates that the contributions to target detection by the acoustic and seismic wave fields have similarities and differences.The underwater acoustic field is more dominant because of its abundant periodical narrow-band information,while the seismic wave field is superior to the acoustic field in terms of the detection of near field pass of target;there are even some unique spectral lines that cannot be found in the acoustic field.The real ship noise envelope spectrum analysis of three-component seismic wave also indicates that it has an advantage in sensing the key characteristics of propeller shaft frequency and blade frequency.Thus,the combined analysis of ship VLF acoustic field and seismic wave field has a critical role in the target detection,mine sweeping resistance,decoy resistance,and so on,of the underwater armament.This is a feasible and necessary component of developing deep-sea VLF combined fuze technology.