论政府数据治理的价值目标、权利归属及其法律保障

Value Target,Attribution of Right and Legal Protection ofGovernment Data Governance

随着大数据、云计算、物联网等现代信息技术的迅猛发展和普遍应用,政府数据治理越来越受到社会各界重视。作为政府治理的方式和技术手段,数据治理虽然得到了广泛关注,但是却缺少理论层面上的价值问询和制度层面上的法律保障,由此而导致的结果是:政府数据治理中数据资源难以清晰辨别、数据价值难以有效发挥、数据权利的法律保障乏力乃至缺位。为此,在政府数据治理中,需要在搞清楚数据资源的多元类型、流动属性以及数据给政府带来的治理价值的基础上,合理确定各类数据主体的权利和义务,针对不同数据权利结构制定法律保护和救济制度,并提倡实施“数据新政”,以进一步改革和完善政府的数据治理行为。

With the rapid development and widespread application of modern information technologies such as big data,cloud computing and Internet of Things,government data governance has attracted more and more attention from all walks of life.As a way and technical means of government governance,data governance has received extensive attention these days,but it lacks value inquiry at the theoretical level and legal protection at the institutional level.As a result,data resources are difficult to be clearly identified,data value is hard to be brought into play and legal protection of data rights is weak or even absent in government data governance.Therefore,it is necessary to reasonably determine the rights and obligations of various data subjects on the basis of figuring out multiple types of data resources,flow properties as well as governance value that data brings to the government,and?formulate legal protection and relief systems according to different structures of data rights and advocate the implementation of a“new deal for data”so as to further reform and improve data governance behavior of the government.