治理能力现代化、社会资本与家庭收入差距

Modernization of Governance Capacity,Social Capital and Family income gap

基于中国家庭追踪调查数据(CFPS2016),利用再中心化影响函数回归方法(RIF),本文实证检验了认知性、结构性两种形态的社会资本对收入差距的作用以及这种作用在政府治理能力现代化进程中的变化,研究表明:(1)认知性和结构性社会资本均缓解了家庭收入差距,并利用无条件分位数回归(UQR)稳健地证实了“社会资本是穷人的资本”这一假说;(2)随着政府治理水平提高,非正式制度范畴的认知性和结构性社会资本嵌入正式制度之中,缓解家庭收入差距的作用进一步增强;(3)分析家庭不同收入来源发现,认知性社会资本通过缓解工资性、经营性、转移性、财产性收入差距缩小家庭收入差距,结构性社会资本则通过缓解工资性、转移性收入差距缩小家庭收入差距;(4)整体上,政府治理是缓解家庭收入差距的积极动力,但却扩大了家庭转移性收入差距,出现了“使命漂移”的现象。因此,为了实现共同富裕,应重视社会资本的培育和政府治理的正式制度供给。

Based on the Chinese family tracking data (CFPS2016),this paper utilized the recentered influence function regression(RIF) to test the role of cognitive and structural social capital play in the household income gap and its changes in the modernization of governance capacity. The research shows that:(1) both the cognitive function and structural social capital narrowthe household income gap,and confirm the hypothesis that “social capital is the capital ofthe poor” by using the conditional quantile regression (UQR). (2) With the improvement of government governance,the cognitive and structural social capital are embedded into formal institutions,and thefamily income gap has been further reduced. (3) In terms of different income sources of families,cognitive social capital reduces the family income gap by narrowing the wage,operational,transfer as well as property gap,while structural social capital reduces the family income gap by narrowing the wage and transfer gap. (4) To sum up,the improvement of governance capacity is a positive force to reduce the income gap between families,however,it enlarges the transfer income gap between families,causing the “mission drift”. Therefore,in order to realize common prosperity,it is supposed to attach importance to the protection of social capital and the formal institutional support for the government governance.