语言发育迟缓儿童的发育水平和临床特征分析

Analysis of developmental level and clinical characteristics of children with language retardation

目的了解儿童语言发育迟缓的临床特征及发育水平,为早期诊断和干预提供科学依据。方法选取2017—2018年首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院儿童保健中心因语言发育迟缓而就诊的患儿100例,采集病史,进行体格检查、实验室检查、头颅MRI、发育评估、心理行为量表评分、行为观察等。结果100例患儿中,男童占88.0%;头颅MRI和代谢病筛查异常比例分别为50.0%和13.9%;Gesell发育诊断量表结果显示,轻度发育迟缓占53.1%;93.1%的患儿孤独症筛查量表结果异常。结论应重视儿童语言发育迟缓的早期识别和早期诊断,定期监测,及早干预,以促进康复。

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and developmental level of children with language retardation,to provide scientific basis for early diagnosis and intervention.Methods One hundred children with language retardation treated in Beijing Children’s Hospital between 2017 to 2018 were enrolled,and medical history and lab tests were conducted.Gesell development scale and other scales were performed to assess the development level.Results Boys accounted for 88.0%of all children with language retardation.The abnormal rates of cranial MRI and metabolic disease screening were50.0%and 13.9%,respectively.Gesell scale showed that 53.1%of children were diagnosed with mild retardation.Autism screening scale showed that 93.1%of children were diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder.Conclusions Attention should be paid to the manifestations of language retardation in children,early recognition,early diagnosis,regular monitoring and early intervention,which can promote rehabilitation.