富纤维方便米饭对健康人及2型糖尿病患者餐后血糖的影响

Effect of fiber-rich instant rice on postprandial blood glucose in healthy people and type 2 diabetes mellitus

目的探讨富纤维方便米饭对健康人及2型糖尿病患者餐后血糖的影响。方法基于国际标准化组织(ISO)26642:2010标准,选择14名健康人测试富纤维方便米饭(试验米)、普通方便米饭(普通米)的血糖生成指数,确定富纤维方便米饭是否可用于糖尿病患者。再选取临床病程≥1年、病情稳定的2型糖尿病患者28例,基于24 h动态血糖监测、3×24 h膳食回顾法,收集食用试验米的餐后动态血糖值2周,比较不同时段内的试验米餐与普通主食之间的餐后血糖曲线下面积增值(incremental area under the blood glucose response curve,IAUC)及餐后血糖曲线下面积(AUC)。结果健康人的富纤维方便米饭的血糖生成指数为65.9±6.6。与普通米餐相比,试验米餐后AUC_(0~60)、AUC_(0~120)、AUC_(0~180)均下降,差异有统计学意义(P=0.006、P=0.007、P=0.020),IAUC_(0~120)降低,但差异无统计学意义(P=0.055)。28例2型糖尿病患者食用试验米后180 min内血糖应答曲线"缓升缓降",餐后120 min达峰值为(7.1±1.8)mmol/L。结论富纤维方便米饭可减缓餐后血糖波动,适于2型糖尿病患者应用,但仍需进行机制研究。

Objective To explore the effect of fiber-rich instant rice on postprandial blood glucose of healthy people and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2 DM)patients.Methods Based on ISO 26642:2010 standard,14 healthy people were selected to test the glycemic index of fiber-rich instant rice(test rice)and ordinary instant rice,and the changes of blood glucose after meals were observed.The patients who had been diagnosed with T2 DM for more than one year and in a stable condition were selected.Based on 24 h dynamic blood glucose monitoring and 3×24 h dietary review methods,the postprandial dynamic blood glucose values of test rice were collected for two weeks,and the incremental area under the blood glucose response curve(IAUC)and the area under the blood glucose response curve(AUC)were compared between the test rice meal and the common staple food meal during different time points.Results The glycemic index of fiber-rich instant rice was 65.9±6.6 in healthy people.Twenty-eight patients with T2 DM completed the study and were included in the analysis.Compared with common staple food meal,AUC_(0-60),AUC_(0-120),AUC_(0-180) decreased(P=0.006,P=0.007,P=0.020)and the difference were all statistically significant,and IAUC_(0-120) decreased also,but the difference was not statistically significant(P=0.055).The blood glucose response curve of T2 DM patients"rose slowly and fell slowly"within 180 min after eating test rice,and reached the peak value of(7.1±1.8)mmol/L at 120 min after meal.Conclusions Fiber-rich instant rice can slow down postprandial blood glucose fluctuation,which is beneficial to T2 DM patients,and further researches for mechanism are needed.