豫西抗日根据地倒地运动中的农会述论

On the Peasant Association in the Land-redeeming Movement of the Anti-Japanese Base Area in Western Henan

1944年年底,豫西抗日根据地掀起倒地运动,允许贫困农民原价赎回1942年、1943年灾荒期间贱价出卖的土地。在这场运动中,根据地抗日民主政府将倒地工作交给农会全面负责,各级农会在中国共产党的领导下,坚决贯彻执行党的倒地政策,积极组织并广泛发动群众迅速将倒地运动发展成一场土地“回老家”的群众性运动,农会成为领导农民开展倒地运动的核心。农会通过调解、说理斗争、担保等方式帮助农民赎回了灾荒期间贱卖的土地,维护了根据地广大农民的切身利益。通过倒地运动,农会在一定程度上起到乡村政权的作用,在农民群众中树立了威望,形成了凝聚力,为豫西抗日根据地乡村政权的改造奠定了群众基础。

At the end of 1944,the Anti-Japanese base areas in western Henan launched a land-redeeming movement,allowing poor farmers to redeem the land sold at low prices during the famines of 1942 and 1943.In the movement,the Anti-Japanese democratic government of the base area entrusted the work of redeeming land to the peasant associations.Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China,peasant associations at all levels firmly implemented the Party′s land-redeeming policy,actively organized and widely mobilized the masses,rapidly developed the land-redeeming movement to a mass movement of land returning home and became the core of leading the peasants to carry out the land-redeeming movement.The peasant associations helped farmers redeem the land that had been sold cheaply during the famine by mediation,argumentation and guarantee,thus safeguarded the vital interests of the farmers in the base area.Through the land-redeeming movement,the peasant associations played the role of rural political power to a certain extent,established prestige among the peasants,formed a cohesive force,and laid a mass foundation for the transformation of rural political power in the Anti-Japanese base areas in western Henan.