氮磷钾配方施肥对楸树苗期生长及养分利用的影响

Effects of Different Formulated Fertilization on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Catalpa bungei Seedling

通过盆栽试验法和氮、磷、钾完全随机区组设计法,以2年生无性系7080组培苗为材料,设置15个处理组,探究楸树Catalpa bungei在氮、磷、钾不同配方施肥下的生物量积累和分配及施肥效率,筛选最优配比,为楸树无性系精准配方施肥提供理论依据。结果表明:在试验设置的施肥量范围内,配方施肥能够显著增加楸树无性系7080幼苗的苗高、地径、生物量及氮、磷、钾含量,且显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。T10(氮:磷:钾=12:12:12 g·株^(-1))为最佳配比组,其苗高为173.4 cm,是CK的1.88倍,施肥期间苗高平均增长136.9 cm,而CK只增长了55.8 cm;其地径为24.04 mm,是CK的1.8倍,施肥期间地径平均增大19.08 mm,而CK只增大了8.37 mm;其生物量是CK的2.6倍,CK12的1.8倍,且T10组根、茎、叶的氮、磷、钾含量均为最高。通过以上分析可得,合理的配方施肥对楸树苗木生物量和养分积累、肥料利用效率具有显著促进作用,无性系7080的最佳施肥配比为T10。

In order to explore the effect of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilization on biomass accumulation and allocation,nutrient utilization efficiency in Catalpa bungei seedlings.The optimal fertilization scheme was selected to provide theoretical basis for precise formula fertilization of C.bungei clones.Two year-old clone 7080 seedlings were used as experimental materials,setting 12 different NPK fertilization treatments.Pot experiments were carried out to determine the height,ground diameter,biomass,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium contents of roots,stems and leaves.Within the range of fertilization amount,the height,ground diameter,biomass and contents of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium of C.bungei clone 7080 seedlings were significantly increased by formula fertilization,which was significantly higher than that of nitrogen and no fertilization.T10(N:P:K=12 g:12 g:12 g)can get the best ratio,its seedling height is 173.4 cm,which is 1.88 times of CK,the average increase is 136.9 cm during fertilization,but CK only increases 55.8 cm;its ground diameter is 24.04 mm,which is 1.8 times of CK,the average increase is 19.08 mm during fertilization,but CK only increases 8.37 mm;its biomass is 2.6 times of CK,1.8 times of CK12,and the nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in roots and leaves at T10 is the highest.Through the above analysis,it can be concluded that the reasonable formula fertilization has a significant role in promoting the biomass,nutrient accumulation and fertilizer use efficiency of C.bungei seedlings,and the optimal fertilization ratio of clone 7080 is N:P:K=12 g:12 g:12 g.