大兴安岭森林更新综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of Forest Regeneration in Greater Xing'an Mountains

森林更新是森林生态系统自我修复的重要手段,也是维持森林群落动态变化的基础。以大兴安岭中部地区主要森林类型为研究对象,基于2017—2019年的116块样地数据,从林分结构、林分因子、土壤理化性质、林下植被特征和干扰等5个方面选取影响森林更新能力的19项指标,运用层次分析法和熵权法相结合的方法得到指标权重,建立了森林更新影响因子综合评价体系,采用线性函数综合评价法得到了森林影响因子的综合评价值,对该地区不同森林类型的更新优劣进行了判断。结果显示:综合评价值可以很好地判断森林更新的优劣,不同林型下综合评价值对森林更新优劣的判断准确率均在90%以上;从总体上看,落叶松林Larix gmelinii的更新情况相对优于针阔混交林和白桦林Betula platyphylla。研究提出了基于森林更新影响因子评价体系构建的一种更新优劣判断方法。

Forest regeneration is an important means of forest ecosystem self-healing and the basis for maintaining dynamic changes in forest communities.This study took the main forest types in the central part of Greater Xing'an Mountains as the research object,and based on 127 fixed plots in 2017-2019,19 indexes affecting forest regeneration capacity were selected from five aspects:forest structure,forest factors,soil physical and chemical properties,characteristics of undergrowth vegetation and disturbance.The index weight was obtained by using the method of AHP and entropy weight.The comprehensive evaluation system of forest regeneration influence factors was established,and the comprehensive evaluation value of forest influence factors were obtained by using the linear function comprehensive evaluation method.The results showed that the comprehensive evaluation value can be used to judge the quality of forest regeneration.The accuracy of comprehensive evaluation value under different forest types to judge the quality of forest regeneration was more than 90%.The regeneration of larch forest was better than that of coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest and birch forest.This study proposed a method to judge the quality of forest regeneration by constructing the evaluation system of impact factors of forest regeneration,which provides theoretical basis for forest management in this region.