第十届中国花博会中烟草脆裂病毒生物学特性及检测监控技术应用

Research on Biological Characteristics and Detection Monitoring Technology of Tobacco rattle virus in the 10^(th) China Flower Expo

第十届中国花博会于2021年5月21日7月2日在上海崇明岛举办。其中从国内外大规模输入新品种植物种球、种苗、种子、种植介质及木质包装品。这些植物及其相关产品很可能会携带大量外来生物,使得崇明岛的生态安全遭受重大威胁。病毒是迄今为止人们在超微世界里所认知的最小生物之一,其随植物传播扩散更为隐秘,这严峻考验着防控能力。其中烟草脆裂病毒是一种能侵染多种花卉植物的植物病毒,通过寄主植物繁殖材料(种球、砧木、芽条等)的贸易活动进行远距离病毒传播,或借助带毒介体线虫进行短距离扩散,为阿根廷、巴西、加拿大、墨西哥、土耳其等国家的检疫性有害生物,在我国局部地区有发生。本次花博会大面积布置的百合、芍药、玉簪等都是其主要寄主,一旦传入可引起严重生态影响和经济损失。研究从烟草脆裂病毒的寄主范围、危害症状、传播扩散途径等生物学特性及经济影响、检测监控技术应用等方面进行阐述,为防止其再次入侵和进一步传播扩散提供参考,为花博会生态安全提供技术保障。

The 10th China Flower Expo has been held in Chongming Island,Shanghai from May 21 to July 2,2021.For this purpose,a lot of new species of plant bulbs,seeds,planting media and wood packaging products had been imported from home and abroad.These plants and their related products are likely to carry a large number of exotic organisms,causing a major threat to the ecological security of Chongming Island.Virus is one of the smallest creatures known in the ultra micro world so far.It is more hidden with the spread of plants,which requires more sensitive and more specific methods to detect and identify them.Among them,Tobacco rattle virus is a kind of plant virus which can infect many flower plants and is mainly transmitted by the trade of plants for planting(bulbs,rootstocks,buds,etc.),or by the vector nematodes for short-distance spread of virus,which is quarantine harmful organisms in Argentina,Brazil,Canada,Mexico,Turkey and other countries.It has occurred in several provinces of China.Lilies,peonies,hairpin and so on,which are planted in large area of the Flower Expo,are its main hosts.Once introduced,they can cause serious ecological impact and economic losses to Chongming Island.The research elaborates the biological characteristics,economic impact,detection and identification methods,prevention and control measures of Tobacco rattle virus in order to provide reference for preventing its further invasion and spread,to provide technical support for the ecological security of the 10th China Flower Expo.