《长恨歌》:传统女性性别身份的消解与重构

The Song of Everlasting Sorrow:Deconstruction and Reconstruction of Traditional Female Gender Identity

在王安忆的长篇小说《长恨歌》中,王琦瑶一生的悲欢离合,是对女儿→妻子→母亲三种身份有序演变,这一传统女性范型的温和解构与颠覆。女儿身份的模糊和妻子身份的缺失是作家的性别策略,以彰显主人公在性别关系中的主体位置,置换了男性作家笔下的两性主从关系;薇薇的出场又给作家提供了消解和重构传统母亲角色的书写空间,并进一步解构男权文化想象中的母女关系。王安忆采用的是宽容的“两性共建”策略,这也是《长恨歌》在1990年代女性写作潮流中的独到之处。

The orderly evolution of the three identities of daughter,wife and mother is the paradigm of women in the traditional concept.However,in Wang Anyi’s novel The Song of Everlasting Sorrow,Wang Qiyao’s joys and sorrows in her life are the gentle deconstruction and subversion of this evolution.The ambiguity of the identity of daughter and the absence of the identity of wife are the author’s gender strategy,which was adopted in order to highlight the main position of the protagonist in the gender relationship,replacing the master-slave relationship between the two genders depicted by male writers.Weiwei’s appearance has also provided the writer with the space to dissolve and reconstruct the traditional role of mother,and further deconstruct the relationship between mother and daughter in the patriarchal cultural imagination.Wang Anyi adopted the tolerant"gender co-construction"strategy,which was also the unique feature of The Song of Everlasting Sorrow in the trend of female writers in the 1990s.