PBT弹性短纤维纺纱工艺研究

Study on spinning process of PBT elastic staple fiber

以1.56dtex×38mm聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)弹性短纤维为原料,采用涤纶纺纱基本工艺流程制备线密度为155.7dtex的PBT纱线,研究了清梳联、并条、粗纱纺制和细纱纺制各工序的工艺参数对纱线性能的影响。结果表明:清梳联工序较佳工艺为拉伸倍数103、额定压力135Pa、输出速度100m/min、棉网直径0.97mm,此条件下可得到质量较好的生条;在一级并条后区拉伸倍数1.70、二级并条后区拉伸倍数1.35时,并条工况及棉条质量较佳,棉条的条干不匀率为2.17%;纺粗纱较佳工艺为总拉伸倍数10.46、后区拉伸倍数1.25、捻系数85,此条件下粗纱条干不匀率为4.12%;纺细纱较佳工艺为理论锭速9000r/min、总拉伸倍数30.3、捻系数430、后区拉伸倍数1.15,此条件下细纱综合性能较好,纱线断裂强度2.66cN/dtex、断裂伸长率23.4%、条干不匀率13.97%、沸水收缩率2.93%、1mm毛羽100.0根、弹性回复率37.86%。

A polybutylene terephthalate(PBT)elastic staple fiber of 1.56 dtex×38 mm was used as raw material to produce PBT yarn with the linear density of 155.7 dtex by a basic polyester spinning process.The effects of blowing carding unit,drawing,roving and spinning process parameters on yarn properties were studied.The results showed that the sliver can be obtained with favorable quality under the process conditions of blowing carding unit as follows:draw ratio 103,rated pressure 135 Pa,output speed 100 m/min and web diameter 0.97 mm;the drawing condition and sliver quality were relatively good and the yarn unevenness was 2.17% when the draw ratio in the back zone of primary and secondary drawing processes was 1.70 and 1.35,respectively;the roving unevenness was 4.12% when the roving process conditions were as follows:total draw ratio 10.46,draw ratio 1.25 in back zone and twist factor 85;and the spun yarn was of favorable comprehensive properties,such as breaking strength of 2.66 cN/dtex,elongation at break of 23.4%,yarn unevenness of 13.97%,boiling water shrinkage of 2.93%,1 mm hairiness number of 100.0 and elastic recovery of 37.86%,when the optimum spinning process was as follows:theoretical spindle speed of 9000 r/min,total draw ratio of 30.3,twist factor of 430 and draw ratio of 1.15 in back zone.