质子交换膜燃料电池用碳纤维纸的研究进展

Research progress of carbon fiber paper for proton exchange membrane fuel cell

简述了质子交换膜燃料电池用碳纤维纸的制备工艺,详述了制备碳纤维纸的关键技术即原料短切碳纤维水中分散工艺和提高碳纤维纸力学性能两方面的研究进展,指出关键技术目前存在的问题,并提出今后的改进方向。碳纤维纸的制备工艺主要分为干法工艺和湿法工艺,其中湿法工艺是最常用的方法。改善短切碳纤维在水中的分散效果、提高碳纤维纸的力学性能是湿法造纸工艺的重点。对短切碳纤维进行表面改性、优化分散方式和加入分散剂可提高短切碳纤维在水中的分散效果;加入增强纤维和黏结剂可提高碳纤维纸的强度。优化关键工艺条件,实现关键性能的提升与稳定,开发高性能、低成本碳纤维纸的批量化制备技术是碳纤维纸的发展趋势之一。

The preparation process of carbon fiber paper for proton exchange membrane fuel cell was introduced.The research progress in the key technologies of preparing carbon fiber paper,i.e.short cut carbon fiber dispersion in water,and the improvement of mechanical properties of carbon fiber paper,was described in detail.The existing problems of key technologies were pointed out,and the improvement direction in the future was put forward.The preparation process of carbon fiber paper is mainly divided into dry process and wet process and the wet process is the most commonly used method.The key point of wet papermaking process is to improve the dispersion effect of short cut carbon fiber in water and improve the mechanical properties of carbon fiber paper.The surface modification,dispersion mode optimization and dispersant addition can improve the dispersion effect of short cut carbon fiber in water;the strength of carbon fiber paper can be improved by adding reinforcing fiber and adhesives.One development trend of carbon fiber paper is to optimize the key process conditions,realize the improvement and stabilization of key performance,and develop the batch preparation technology of high-performance and low-cost carbon fiber paper.