论农产品流通渠道变革:演进模式、发展困境及优化措施

Reform of Agricultural Products Circulation Channels:Evolution Mode,Development Dilemma and Optimization Measures

高效的农产品流通是平抑农产品价格、实现供需匹配、促进农户增收的有效途径。我国农产品流通以“农户+中间环节+(超市)+消费终端”为基本模式。农村电商快速发展,终端零售业态巨变,成为我国农产品流通渠道演进的新趋势。城乡二元制经济结构下,城市偏向的制度设计不利于农村经济的发展,并制约了农产品流通的效率,造成了农产品流通的困境。为此,需要从流通环节、农村电商体生态构筑、农村金融发展及农民合作组织建设等层面进行优化。

Efficient circulation of agricultural products is an effective way to stabilize agricultural product prices,match supply and demand,and increase farmers income.The agricultural products circulation in China is the basic model of"farmers+intermediate links+(supermarkets)+consumer terminals".The rapid development of rural e-commerce and huge changes in terminal retail formats have become a new trend in the evolution of agricultural product circulation channels.Under the dual urban-rural economic structure,the urban-biased system design is not conducive to the development of the rural economy,and restricts the efficiency of the agricultural products circulation,which caused the predicament of the agricultural products circulation.Hence,it needs to be optimized from the aspects of circulation links,ecological construction of rural e-commerce,rural financial development,and construction of farmer cooperative organizations.