骨髓细胞形态学和免疫学分型在急性白血病诊断中的应用价值

Application value of morphology and immunological typing of bone marrow cell in the diagnosis of acute leukemia

目的研究骨髓细胞形态学和免疫学分型在急性白血病(AL)诊断中的应用价值。方法纳入汉中市中心医院收治的140例AL患者,分别使用细胞形态学和免疫学分型法进行诊断。分析细胞形态学和免疫学分型对AL的诊断结果及诊断符合率。结果140例AL患者经细胞形态学诊断,ALL 51例(36.43%),AML 79例(56.43%),UAL 8例(5.71%),MAL 2例(1.43%)。140例AL患者经免疫学分型诊断,ALL 49例(35.00%),AML 79例(56.43%),MAL 12例(8.57%)。细胞形态学和免疫学分型对MAL的诊断符合率明显低于ALL和AML(P<0.05)。结论骨髓细胞形态学检查对AML和ALL的诊断准确率高,优势明显,但是对MAL分型的诊断灵敏度较低,需辅助免疫学分型等检查方法进行,以促进对AL患者的准确诊断。

Objective To study the application value of morphology and immunologic typing of bone marrow cells in the diagnosis of acute leukemia(AL).Methods A total of 140 AL patients admitted in Hanzhong central hospital were enrolled,cell morphology and immunologic typing were used for diagnosis.The diagnostic results and coincidence rate of cellular morphology and immunologic typing were analyzed.Results A total of 140 AL patients were diagnosed by cell morphology,51 cases(36.43%)of ALL,79 cases(56.43%)of AML,8 cases(5.71%)of UAL,and 2 cases(1.43%)of MAL.140 AL patients were diagnosed by immunologic typing,49 cases(35.00%)of ALL,79 cases(56.43%)of AML,and 12 cases(8.57%)of MAL.The diagnostic coincidence rate of cell morphology and immunologic typing for MAL was significantly lower than that of ALL and AML(P<0.05).Conclusion Bone marrow cell morphology examination has high diagnostic accuracy for AML and ALL,and has obvious advantages.However,the diagnostic sensitivity of MAL typing is low,and it needs to be carried out with auxiliary immunological typing and other inspection methods to promote accurate diagnosis of AL patients.