试析马克思“实践”范畴对西方哲学的超越

On Marxist“Practice”Category Transcending Western Philosophy

“实践”范畴是马克思主义的一个重要基本范畴,从本体论的角度看,主要是“实践主体—实践中介—实践客体”的模式,即主体客体化、客体主体化这一双向改造的过程。这里的主体是指生活在一定的社会关系中的人,客体是指客观存在于外部世界的现实对象。马克思“实践”范畴通过批判地继承以往旧哲学的“实践”范畴,以主客体之间的关系为出发点,解决了西方哲学对主体和客体的二元对立和分裂所带来的难题。

“Practice”category is an important basic category in Marxism.From the view of perspective of ontology,it is mainly about the mode of“practice subject—practice media—practice object”,that is,the wo-way transformation of subject objectification and object subjectification.During the course,the subject refers to the man living with certain social relations,while the object refers to the realistic object existing in external world.Marxist“practice”category,critically inheriting“practice”category in former philosophy and starting with the relations between subject and object,solve the difficult problems of bianary opposition and the division between subject and object in Western philosophy.