二战前后英国左翼知识分子与1930年代的历史书写

British Left-wing Intellectuals around the World WarⅡand Historical Writings of the 1930s

20世纪30年代被视为英国从萧条走向战争的年代,在1930年代尚未完全成为历史时,左翼知识分子群体就从多个角度对30年代进行历史书写。在二战前后英国由大萧条走向福利国家的时代背景下,左翼知识分子对1930年代的历史叙事主要集中于大萧条和绥靖政策两大主题。在叙事风格上,左翼知识分子倾向于从贫困、失业和苦难等"消极"层面对30年代进行阐释,到20世纪五十年代末,在左翼知识分子的影响下,英国学界普遍确立了对1930年代的"消极"书写范式。左翼知识分子的历史书写长期影响了英国政治话语体系,塑造了民众对这一时期的历史认知和记忆,但其带来一定的学术争议,它反映了意识形态、主观认知差异和阶级立场等因素在历史研究中的作用。

In the 1930 s,Britain had undergone a transformation from depression to war.Before the 1940 s,Left-wing intellectuals began to write and interpreted the 1930 s from multiple perspectives.Against the background of Britain’s transformation from the Great Depression to Welfare State,the Left-wing intellectuals’historical writings of the 1930 s mainly focused on the Great Depression and Appeasement.Left-wing intellectuals tended to interpret the history of the 1930 s from negative aspects,such as poverty,unemployment and sufferings.By the end of the 1950 s,the British scholars generally accepted a negative writing paradigm of the 1930 s.This historical interpretation has influenced the British political discourse,and shaped the public’s historical cognition and memories.The Left-wing intellectuals’historical writings of the 1930 s reflected the roles of ideology,subjective cognitive differences and class stance in historical study.