喷淋对岛式地铁站站厅火灾疏散时间研究

Study on the time of fire evacuation in the station hall of the island-style subway station based on the spray system

地铁的结构复杂、人员密集度高、疏散路线长等特点给人们的日常出行带来了巨大的隐患,使其在发生火灾时极易造成重大的人员伤亡及经济损失。为了优化地铁火灾时站内人员的疏散方案以更好的确保人们的出行安全,以哈尔滨市某岛式地铁站为例,采用FDS(Fire Dynamics Simulator)软件模拟火灾时站厅内有、无喷淋系统两种工况下烟气的蔓延情况。通过对数值模拟结果进行分析得出:两种工况下人员的最长安全疏散时间分别为70 s,188 s;喷淋系统在一定程度上优化了火灾场景内的各项环境参数从而延长了疏散时间。

Subway’s complex structure,high density of personnel and long evacuation routes has brought great hidden dangers to people’s daily travel,so that in the event of a fire is very easy to cause major casualties and economic losses.In order to optimize the subway fire in the station evacuation program to better ensure the safety of people travel.This study uses an island-style subway station in Harbin as a template,and uses FDS(Fire Dynamics Simulator)software to simulate the smoke diffusion conditions under two operating conditions:are station hall have spray system and station hall without spray system.By analyzing the numerical simulation results,it is concluded that the maximum safe evacuation time of personnel under the two operating conditions is 70 s and 188 s respectively,and the spray system optimizes the environmental parameters in the fire scene to a certain extent,thus prolonging the evacuation time.