基于射线跟踪的空地毫米波传播损耗预测

Path Loss Prediction for Air-to-Ground MmWave Communications Based on Ray Tracing

传统毫米波传播损耗模型假设收发端天线高度比较低,不直接适用于空地传输场景,本文基于射线跟踪原理提出了一种空地场景下毫米波通信的传播损耗统计模型。该模型推导分析了视距、反射、绕射和无信号四种不同传播情况的路径概率,并综合考虑了环境、频率、距离和天线高度等因素对路径损耗的影响。仿真分析结果表明,本文模型对不同场景和传播高度都具有良好的适用性,对于非视距情况的细化分类使其计算结果比传统模型更为精确且与射线跟踪仿真结果更为吻合,可用于空地毫米波通信系统设计和算法优化等领域。

The factor of altitude is not fully considered in traditional path loss models,which cannot be applied to the air-to-ground communication scenarios directly.Based on the ray tracing technique,this paper proposed a statistical path loss model for air-to-ground mmWave channels.This model derived the path probabilities of four different propagation cases,i.e.,line-of-sight,reflection,diffraction and no signal,and comprehensively took the influences of environment,frequency,distance,and antenna height into account.The simulation and analyze show that the proposed model has good applicability for different scenes and antenna heights.The classification of non-line-of-sight makes its calculation results of path loss more accurate than the ones of traditional models,and more consistent with the results of ray tracing method.It can be used in the system design and algorithm optimization of air-to-ground millimeter-wave communication systems.