《新民主主义论》与中国现代性话语的建构

On New Democracy And Construction of Chinese Modernity Discourse

近代以来,在中国仁人志士求索一条符合中国实际的现代性方案过程中,以毛泽东同志为主要代表的中国共产党人基于本国国情与马克思主义现代性批判的双位视角作出了许多艰辛探索,其中《新民主主义论》从政治、经济和文化等多元维度出发对建构中国现代性话语作出了集中阐释。首先,通过科学洞察近代中国半殖民地半封建社会基本国情进而将反帝反封建视为革命主要任务,从根本上完成了对中国现代性话语建构历史基座的重塑;其次,在革命的现代性成为近代中国现代性话语主要表现形式的背景下,毛泽东将中国革命划分为新民主主义革命与社会主义革命两个阶段,为中国现代性话语的建构既赋予了现实可行的基础,又预设了未来导向社会主义现代性话语的愿景目标;最后,从重塑民族主体性、树立实事求是科学态度和为人民的价值旨归等角度来看,民族的科学的大众的构成了中国现代性话语建构的基本特征。

In the process of the search for a scheme of modernity in accord with the reality of China by Chinese revolutionaries in modern times,the Chinese Communists represented by Mao Zedong have made many arduous attempts based on the dual perspectives of national conditions and Marxist critique of modernity.It is that On New Democracy which made a concentrated explanation from the dimensions of political,economic and cultural to construct Chinese modernity discourse.Firstly,anti-imperialism and anti-feudalism were regarded as the main task of the revolution through scientific research on the basic national conditions of the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society in modern China,which fundamentally rebuilt the historical basis of the construction of Chinese modern discourse.Secondly,under the background that revolutionary modernity has become the main expression form of modern Chinese modernity discourse,Mao Ze dong divided Chinese revolution into two stages--the new democratic revolution and the socialist revolution.This not only endures the realistic and feasible foundation for the construction of Chinese modernity discourse,but also sets the future goal of socialist modernity discourse in the future.Finally,from the perspective of remolding the national subjectivity,establishing the scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts and the value purview of the masses,the scientific mass of the nation constitutes the basic characteristics of the construction of Chinese modern discourse.