乙型脑炎病毒吸附与进入细胞的分子机制研究

Review on molecules involved in adsorption and entry of Japanese encephalitis virus

流行性乙型脑炎病毒(Japanese encephalitis virus, JEV)为蚊媒传播的黄病毒家族成员之一,是流行性乙型脑炎(简称乙脑)的病原体,其遍布整个东南亚和南亚地区,且感染后会引起严重神经系统症状,因而对人类生命健康造成巨大威胁。JEV吸附与进入宿主细胞是其感染靶细胞的关键步骤,参与这一过程的分子主要是JEV表面的包膜蛋白以及宿主细胞表面的10余种黏附分子或病毒受体,包括被多种病毒使用的细胞表面分子、热休克蛋白以及特异性结合病毒的分子。明确参与JEV吸附与进入宿主细胞的分子不仅能为阐明JEV与宿主细胞相互作用关系和发病机制提供新的线索,还将对乙脑的预防以及治疗提供重要信息。现对参与JEV吸附与进入细胞的相关分子作一概述。

Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV),a member of the mosquito-borne flavivirus family,is the causative agent of Japanese encephalitis,which spreads throughout South and Southeast Asia and causes severe neurological symptoms.Therefore,it poses a great threat to human health.Adsorption and entry of JEV into host cells is a key step for JEV infection.The molecules involved in this process are mainly JEV envelope proteins and more than 10 kinds of adhesion molecules or viral receptors on the surface of host cells,including cell surface molecules that are widely used by multiple viruses,heat shock proteins and specific virus binding molecules.Identifying the molecules involved in adsorption and entry of JEV into host cells can not only supply new clues for elucidating the interaction between JEV and host cells as well as the pathogenesis,but also provide crucial information for the prevention and treatment of Japanese encephalitis.This article reviews the molecules involved in the adsorption and entry of JEV into host cells.