2020年驻马店市某镇0-79岁人群乙型肝炎血清流行病学调查

Hepatitis B sero-prevalence among the 0-79-year-old population in a township of Zhumadian city in 2020

目的了解河南省驻马店市某镇人群乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒(HBV)血清标志物模式和血清流行率。方法采用横断面调查方法在驻马店市1个镇随机选取0-79岁人群,采集血清标本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝表面抗体(HBsAb)、乙肝核心抗体(HBcAb)、乙肝e抗原(HBeAg)和乙肝e抗体(HBeAb),分析HBV标志物模式和阳性率。结果在580名调查对象中共检出9种HBV标志物模式,其中小三阳(HBsAg、HBeAb和HBcAb阳性)、HBeAb和HBcAb阳性、大三阳(HBsAg、HBeAg和HBcAb阳性)、HBsAg和HBcAb阳性分别占1.7%、0.7%、0.5%、0.2%。总HBsAg阳性率为2.4%,其中0-19、20-39、40-59、60-79岁分别为0.0%、4.0%、6.0%、8.0%(趋势x2=20.75,P=0.000)。总HBsAb阳性率为70.7%,其中0-19、20-39、40-59、60-79岁分别为87.9%、45.0%、52.0%、46.0%(趋势x2=80.49,P=0.000)。结论2020年调查地区儿童HBV感染率较低而成人感染率维持在较高水平;建议在巩固儿童HepB常规免疫工作质量的同时,推动成人HepB接种工作。

Objective To determine serologic marker patterns and sero-prevalence of hepatitis B virus(HBV)among people in a township of Zhumadian city,Henan province.Methods We used a cross-sectional design to randomly select people 0-79 years of age in a township of Zhumadian.We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to test serum samples for HBV surface antigen(HBsAg),HBV surface antibody(HBsAb),HBV e antigen(HBeAg),HBV e antibody(HBeAb),and HBV core antibody(HBcAb);we determined sero-prevalence patterns of HBV markers.Results Nine patterns of HBV markers were identified among 580 subjects,and among these nine,HBsAg,HBeAb,and HBcAb positive;HBeAb and HBcAb positive;HBsAg,HBeAg,and HBcAb positive;and HBsAg and HBcAb positive accounted for 1.7%,0.7%,0.5%,and 0.2%of the population,respectively.The overall HBsAg positivity rate was 2.4%,with 0.0%,4.0%,6.0%,and 8.0%for 0-19-,20-39-,40-59-,and 60-79-year-olds(trend x2=20.75,P=0.000).The overall HBsAb positivity rate was 70.7%,with rates of 87.9%,45.0%,52.0%,and 46.0%for 0-19-,20-39-,40-59-,and 60-79-year-olds(trend x2=80.49,P=0.000).Conclusions HBV infection rates were low among children but were high among adults.We recommend promoting hepatitis B vaccination of adults when catching up routine childhood vaccinations.