湖南省2019年2-12岁儿童6种国家免疫规划疫苗接种率调查

A coverage survey of six National Immunization Program vaccines among 2-12-year-old children of Hunan province in 2019

目的评价湖南省2019年以乡镇为单位适龄儿童6种国家免疫规划(National Immunization Program,NIP)疫苗调查接种率。方法采用分层随机抽样在全省14个市州抽取28个县区、56个乡镇,调查2-6岁儿童第4剂无细胞百白破联合疫苗(DTaP4)、麻腮风联合减毒活疫苗(MMR)、甲型肝炎减毒活疫苗(HepA-L)接种率和7-12岁儿童第2剂A群C群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗(MPV-AC2)、白喉破伤风联合疫苗(DT)、第4剂脊髓灰质炎疫苗(PV4)接种率。结果在1120名2-6岁儿童中,DTaP4、MMR、HepA-L接种率分别为97.68%、98.75%、97.59%;在1120名7-12岁儿童中,MPV-AC2、DT、PV4接种率分别为78.93%、92.32%、94.91%。6种NIP疫苗接种率≥90%的乡镇比例分别为94.64%、94.64%、92.86%、50.00%、80.36%、85.71%。幼儿园、小学入托入学儿童接种证查验率分别为97.50%(546/560)、97.14%(1088/1120)。结论湖南省以乡镇为单位适龄儿童6种NIP疫苗调查接种率保持较高水平;需加强大龄儿童的NIP疫苗接种工作。

Objective To assess coverage of six National Immunization Program(NIP)vaccines at the township level in Hunan province in 2019.Methods We used stratified random sampling to select 56 townships of 28 counties/districts in 14 prefectures of Hunan to investigate coverage levels of the fourth dose of diphtheria,tetanus and acellular pertussis combined vaccine(DTaP4),one dose of measles,rubella and mumps combined attenuated live vaccine(MMR),and one dose of hepatitis A attenuated live vaccine(HepA-L)among 2-6-year-old children,as well as the second dose of group A and C meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine(MPV-AC2),one dose of diphtheria and tetanus combined vaccine(DT),and the fourth dose of polio vaccine(PV4)among 7-12-year-old children.Results Coverage levels for DTaP4,MMR,and HepA-L were 97.68%,98.75%,and 97.59%among 11202-6-year-old children.Coverage levels for MPV-AC2,DT,and PV4 were 78.93%,92.32%,and 94.91%among 11207-12-year-old children.The percents of townships with≥90%coverage levels for the six NIP vaccines were 94.64%,94.64%,92.86%,50.00%,80.36%,and 85.71%.Rates of vaccination certificate inspection were 97.50%(546/560)and 97.14%(1088/1120)among kindergarten and primary school children.Conclusions Coverage of the six NIP vaccines was maintained at high levels among age-eligible children in Hunan.We need to improve vaccination of older children.