2010—2019年北京协和医院肺炎支原体感染实验室和临床特征分析

Laboratory and clinical characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2010 to 2019

目的了解2010—2019年北京协和医院肺炎支原体感染的实验室和临床特征,以及儿科患者使用不同药物进行治疗的转归。方法回顾性收集2010年1月至2019年12月北京协和医院肺炎支原体感染患者的实验室和临床资料,分析不同季节、年龄、来源科室和疾病分布患者的肺炎支原体抗体阳性率,比较儿科住院患者大环内酯类、头孢菌素类、皮质类固醇类药和对症治疗等不同治疗方式的疗效和转归。结果12985例患者中,15.0%(1950/12985)肺炎支原体抗体阳性;女性患者肺炎支原体抗体阳性率明显高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肺炎支原体感染高峰的季节为秋季。不同年龄段中,>5~10岁患者肺炎支原体抗体阳性率最高(P<0.05)。与其他疾病患者相比,社区获得性肺炎患者肺炎支原体抗体阳性率最高(P<0.05)。254例儿科肺炎支原体感染住院患者中,有176例、12例、7例和59例患者分别接受了大环内酯类、头孢菌素类、皮质类固醇类药和对症治疗。大环内酯类治疗组只有10例治疗效果不佳,其余均痊愈或改善,其他治疗方案均好转。结论肺炎支原体感染在季节、年龄、患者科室和疾病分布等方面具有一定的特性,肺炎支原体感染实验室和临床大数据的回顾性分析具有重要意义,可为临床诊疗提供依据。

Objective To understand the laboratory and clinical characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2010 to 2019,and the outcome of pediatric patients treated with different drugs.Methods The laboratory and clinical data of patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2010 to December 2019 were retrospectively collected.The positive rate of Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody was statistically analyzed in different seasons,ages,departments and diseases distribution.The efficacy and outcome of macrolides,cephalosporins,corticosteroids and symptomatic treatment in pediatric inpatients were reviewed and compared.Results Among 12985 patients,15.0%(1950/12985)were positive for anti-Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibodies.The positive rate of female patients was significantly higher than that of male patients.The peak season of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was found to be autumn(P<0.05).Among different age groups,the highest prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was observed in>5-10 years old patients(P<0.05).Compared with that of patients with other diseases,patients with community-acquired pneumonia had the highest prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection(P<0.05).Among the 254 hospitalized pediatric patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection with complete medical records,176,12,7,and 59 patients received macrolides,cephalosporin,corticosteroids,no antibiotics but symptomatic treatment,respectively.Except for 10 patients in the macrolide treatment group who had poor responses,the other patients were all cured or showed improved outcome.The patients in other treatment programs all had improved outcome.Conclusion Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection has certain characteristics in season,age,departments and diseases distribution.Retrospective analysis of laboratory and clinical big data of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is of great significance,which can provide basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.