我国管理学领域导师和研究生科学合作的年龄结构分析

Analysis of the Age Structure of Scientific Cooperation Between Tutors and Postgraduates in the Field of Management in China

[目的/意义]旨在为促进师生合作,优化师生资源配置提供参考。[方法/过程]采用科学计量学与数据可视化的方法,以管理科学领域为例,对师生合作发表论文的年龄结构进行分析。[结果/结论]研究生发表论文的年龄分布与导师发表论文的年龄分布均呈现正态分布的规律;师生合作发文量存在最佳年龄组合,论文产出在年龄差值的最佳区间内达到峰值;三个作者合作模式中的“青-中-青”合作模式最为普遍。因此,研究生教育要合理安排与完善研究生与导师的双向选择政策,在自由、公正的基础上使师生年龄差值、年龄组合能够最大限度的趋近于最佳年龄差值和最佳年龄组合,优化师生合作模式,提高研究生教育质量。

[Purpose/significance]The paper is to provide references for promoting teacher-student cooperation and optimizing the allocation of teacher-student resources.[Method/process]The paper takes management science filed as an example,analyzes the structure of papers co-authored by graduate students and their tutors in the method of scientometrics and visualization.[Results/conclusion]The results show that both age distribution of students and their teachers’paper-publishing are normal distribution;there really is the best age-combination in students and teachers’scientific output.Meanwhile,the students and teachers’scientific output will reach their peak in the best age-difference-section;“Y-M-Y”is the most general pattern in three people collaboration.Therefore,postgraduate education should arrange and enhance the two-way choice of policy between postgraduate and tutors based on the freedom and justice,making the age difference and age composition between teachers and students best.Moreover,the postgraduate education also constantly optimizes the cooperation pattern between tutors and postgraduates,and improves the quality of postgraduate education.