社会工作协会角色失调的双向维度:角色越位与缺位--以M市社会工作协会为例

Two Dimensions of Social Work Association Role Incongruity:Boundary Overstepping and Breach of Responsibility

社会工作协会是促进社会工作行业发展的重要主体,其在社会工作培训教育、行业自律、宣传交流、政策倡导、专业研究等方面发挥着重要作用。基于对M市社会工作协会长达半年的实地观察以及对相关工作人员的访谈研究,发现当前社会工作协会出现了角色越位、角色缺位等角色失调问题。一方面,社会工作协会存在越界竞争中的利益冲突、自我评估中的角色重合、利益交换中的角色“俘获”等角色越位现象;另一方面,社会工作协会还存在开展行业自律的权力有限、提供的会员服务质量不高、推动专业建设的能力不足等角色缺位问题。外部监督不力、内部管理不善、角色定位不清是造成社会工作协会角色失调的主要原因。因此,建议从建立外部监督机制、提升协会的内部管理能力、厘清协会的角色定位等方面来预防和矫正社会工作协会的角色失调问题。

As an essential organization to promote the development of social work,social work association plays an important role in education and training,industry self-discipline,publicity activities,policy advocacy and professional research.Through half a year's field work and interviews with staff members,role incongruity,namely,boundary overstepping or breach of responsibility,is found to exists in social work association of M City.For one thing,there is boundary overstepping in conflict of interest in cross-boundary competition,responsibility overlapping in self-assessment and entrapment of responsibility in interest exchange.For another,there is breach of responsibility in wielding full power over industry self-discipline,providing high quality of member services,having limited ability to promote professional development for social work and so on.Role incongruity is mainly caused by weak external supervision,poor internal management and unclear role positioning.Therefore,to solve and prevent this problem,it is necessary to establish external supervision mechanism,improve the ability of internal management and clarify role orientation of the association.