“一带一路”贸易便利化水平对中国OFDI影响的实证研究

Empirical study on the impact of“the Belt and Road Initiatives”trade facilitation level on China's OFDI

构建贸易便利化衡量体系,并运用主成分分析法对“一带一路”沿线55个国家的贸易便利化水平进行测度。在确定沿线各国贸易便利化得分的基础上,采用拓展的引力模型实证分析贸易便利化水平对我国对外直接投资(OFDI)的影响。研究发现,从综合效应看,贸易便利化水平对中国OFDI具有显著的正向效应;从分项效应来看,口岸效率、海关环境、规制环境对OFDI具有显著的正向作用,而金融与电子商务的正向作用不显著。未来中国应积极推动“一带一路”沿线国家的基础设施建设,逐步提升沿线各国的海关通关便利程度,并通过完善投资规制环境,带动跨国企业对沿线国家的投资。

This paper constructs a trade facilitation measurement system,and uses principal component analysis to measure the level of trade facilitation in the 55 countries along“the Belt and Road Initiatives”route.On the basis of determining the score of trade facilitation of“Belt&Road”countries,this study empirically analyzes the influence of trade facilitation level on China's OFDI by using the expanded gravity model.It finds that,from the perspective of comprehensive effect,trade facilitation level has a significant positive effect on China's OFDI.From the itemized effect,port efficiency,customs environment and regulatory environment have significant positive effects on OFDI,while the positive effects of finance and e-commerce are not significant.In the future,China should actively promote the infrastructure construction of“Belt&Road”countries,gradually improve the convenience of customs clearance in these countries,and drive the multinational enterprises to invest in these countries through improving the investment regulation environment.