早产危险因素的1∶1病例对照研究

A Case-control study of risk factors for premature delivery

目的探讨早产的主要危险因素,为降低早产发生率提供理论依据。方法系统抽样选取2018年1月1日至2018年12月31日青岛大学附属医院新生儿科NICU收治122例早产儿和122例足月儿及产妇进行问卷调查。分析早产危险因素。结果早产组的产妇在多胎妊娠、胎盘异常、宫颈机能不全、胎儿宫内窘迫、妊娠期高血压、试管婴儿、胎膜早破、阴道流血、居住在乡镇及农村的比例高于足月组(P均<0.05),是新生儿早产的独立危险因素。结论产妇存在多胎妊娠、胎盘异常、宫颈机能不全、胎儿宫内窘迫、妊娠期高血压、试管婴儿、胎膜早破、阴道流血、居住在乡镇及农村是新生儿早产的危险因素。

Objective To explore the main risk factors of premature delivery(PD)for the guidance for reducing preterm birth rate.Methods According to the ratio of 1∶1,122 PD and mothers(PD group)and 122 full-term infants and mothers(full-term group)who came from Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were enrolled by systematic sampling.The hospitalization time was from January 1,2018 to December 31,2018.A questionnaire survey in two groups was performing to analyze risk factors for PD.Results Independent risk factors for PD were multiple pregnancy,abnormal placenta,cervical insufficiency,fetal distress,gestational hypertension,test-tube baby,premature rupture of membranes,vaginal bleeding,living in township and rural,which were higher in PD group than full-term group(all P<0.05).Conclusion The risk factors of PD were multiple pregnancy,abnormal placenta,cervical insufficiency,fetal distress,gestational hypertension,test-tube baby,premature rupture of membranes,vaginal bleeding,living in township and rural.