翘首与低眉:杜甫书写长安与夔州的不同姿态——从《秋兴八首》说开去

"Head up"and"Head down":Du Fu's Writing about the Different Attitudes of Chang'an and Kuizhou:Taking Eight Songs of Qiu Xing as the Center of Discussion

“翘首”与“低眉”分别是杜甫书写长安与夔州的两种不同姿态。杜甫对长安与夔州城市形象的建构之所以采用不同的姿态,缘于二者在地理、地位和政治隐喻三个方面的殊异。二城分别是杜甫早年与晚年自我形象的烛照。并且,“翘首长安”与“低眉夔州”这两种姿态背后各有不同的书写逻辑:第一,夔州象征着现实的困境,“低眉”之姿是实录;第二,长安是舒展回忆的虚构幻境,既象征昔日盛世的丰碑,更被寄寓宗庙复兴的希冀,“翘首”之态蕴含着杜甫无尽的追忆与憧憬。杜甫对城市形象的建构是探寻其政治构想的又一门径。

"Head up"and"Head down"are two different postures of Du Fu in writing Chang'an and Kuizhou respectively.The reason why Du Fu adopts different postures in the construction of the city image of Chang'an and Kuizhou is due to their differences in geography,status and political metaphor.The two cities are illumination of Du Fu's self-image in his early and later years.Moreover,there are different writing logic behind the two gestures of"head up in Chang'an"and"head down in Kuizhou":First,Kuizhou symbolizes the plight of reality,and the posture of"head down"is the record;second,Chang'an is the fictitious illusion that stretches the memory not only symbolizes the monument of the prosperity of the past,but also the hope of the revival of the ancestral temple.The"head up"state contains the endless memory and longing of Du Fu.Du Fu's construction of the city image is another way to explore his political vision.