摘要
中国已建成9个国家石油储备基地,但相对欧美发达国家,石油储备及保障能力仍显不足。2020年中国原油对外依存度接近70%,加快石油储备库建设对于国家能源安全和经济发展至关重要。石油储备库设计建设呈现大型化趋势,运行管理难度和安全风险不断增大。从石油储备库规划设计、运行管理和安全消防等方面,阐述了国内外技术现状和先进经验,例如利用闲置状态民间储备资源,改进储罐控制阀和罐区防渗设计,新建储罐底板下安装预防泄漏系统,应用储罐自动压缩泡沫灭火系统技术等。最后提出了加快、完善中国石油储备体系建设的合理化建议,对于提高中国石油储备库本质安全和保障能力具有指导意义。
China has built nine national oil reserves depots.However,compared with the developed countries in Europe and America,petroleum reserves and guaranteed supply capacity is still insufficient.With China s crude oil external dependence approaching 70%by 2020,accelerating the construction of oil reserves storage depot is crucial to national energy security and economic development.The design and construction of oil reserves storage depot is heading towards the trend of large-scale development,increasing difficulties in operation and management and higher safety risks.From the aspects of planning,operation,management,safety and fire protection,this paper expounds the technical status and leading edge experience at home and abroad,such as the utilization of idle private oil storage resources,the improvement of tank control valve and design against leakage from tank,the installation of leak protection system under the bottom plate of new storage tank,and the application of tank automatic compressed foam extinguishing system technology.Finally,some pragmatic suggestions are put forward to accelerate and improve the development of oil reserve storage depot in China,which is of significance in guiding the upgrade of the intrinsic safety design and guarantee the capacity of oil reserves storage depots in China.
作者
李玉忠
马伟平
LI Yuzhong;MA Weiping(CNOOC Petrochemical Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao,Shandong,266101,China;PetroChina Pipeline R&D Center,PipeChina Corporation,Langfang,Hebei,065000,China)
出处
《天然气与石油》
2021年第3期18-23,共6页
Natural Gas and Oil
基金
中海油石化工程有限公司科技课题“石油储备库工程项目建设标准”(BZ1903-2019)。
关键词
石油储备库
规划
设计
检测
安全
能源安全
Oil reserve storage depots
Planning
Design
Inspection
Safety
Energy security
