基于偏置度的车辆追尾碰撞损伤控制研究

Research on Loss Control Strategy of Rear-End Collision Based on Different Bias Degree

为使车辆追尾碰撞时造成的经济损伤最小,本文以某一具体车型为例,对其发生的追尾交通事故进行数据筛选和统计,分析车辆碰撞时的速度、偏置度等因素对碰撞损伤的具体影响,结果表明其碰撞时的速度,偏置度等都会影响碰撞时碰撞部件的形状变化和能量吸收,进而影响碰撞时车辆的损伤情况,本文以碰撞时造成的经济损失作为衡量碰撞损伤大小的一个标准,建立其与速度及偏置度的模型并绘制碰撞损失特性曲线。基于特性曲线分析可知,车辆不同的碰撞初速度对应着最佳偏置度使得碰撞损伤最小,进而提出了不同速度下的车辆追尾碰撞最佳偏置度控制策略,并以PID控制对车辆的方向盘转角和横摆角速度进行修正来改变汽车碰撞前的偏置度,保证车辆在碰撞时处于最佳偏置度附近。仿真及计算结果表明,该控制策略能准确调整车辆的偏置度从而减少汽车追尾碰撞时的经济损伤,可以为车辆追尾碰撞中的损伤优化策略提供借鉴和参考。

In order to study the damage caused by rear end collision of vehicles in different traffic scenarios,this paper takes a specific vehicle as an example,conducts data screening and statistics on the rear end traffic accidents,and analyzes the specific impact of vehicle speed,offset and other factors on the collision damage.The results show that the speed and offset degree of the collision will affect the collision parts The shape change and energy absorption will affect the damage of the vehicle during the collision.The economic loss caused by the collision is taken as a standard to measure the impact damage,and the model with speed and offset degree is established,and the characteristic curve of collision loss is drawn.Based on the analysis of characteristic curve,it can be seen that different initial collision speeds correspond to the optimal offset degree,which makes the economic loss of the collision minimum.Then,the optimal offset control strategy for rear end collision of vehicles at different speeds is proposed.The steering wheel angle and yaw angle speed of the vehicle are modified by PID control to change the offset before collision,so as to ensure that the vehicle is in the best position in the collision near the offset.The simulation and calculation results show that the control strategy can accurately adjust the vehicle offset,so as to reduce the economic loss in rear end collision.It can provide reference for the loss optimization strategy in rear end collision.