自供电低功耗森林火灾无线监测系统

Self-Powered Low-Power Wireless Forest Fire Monitoring System

针对现有森林火灾监测系统通信电缆铺设困难、需要定期更换电池等问题,设计了一种基于无线传感网络与自供电技术的监测系统。该系统包括能量采集单元、能量管理单元、数据采集单元、核心控制单元和无线通信单元。能量采集单元采集环境中的风能与太阳能,经过能量管理单元为系统供电。数据采集单元采集的数据经过STM32处理后通过ZigBee传输到上位机。电路采取低功耗设计,在程序设计和电路设计两方面对系统做了低功耗优化处理,可以实现能量的自供给。实验表明,系统结构简单,工作稳定可靠,适用于森林火灾长时间可靠监测。

A monitoring system based on wireless sensor network and self-powered technology is designed to solve the problems of the difficulty in laying communication cables and the demand to replace batteries regularly.The developed system includes an energy acquisition unit,an energy management unit,a data acquisition unit,a control unit and a wireless communication unit.The energy harvesting unit harvests wind and solar energy,and supplies power to the system through the energy management unit.The data collected by the data acquisition unit is processed by STM32 and transmitted to the upper computer through ZigBee.The circuit is designed with low power consumption,and the system is optimized for low power consumption in both program design and circuit design,which can realize the self-supply of energy.Experiments show that the developed system is simple in structure,stable and reliable,and suitable for long-term and reliable monitoring of forest fires.