女性宫颈癌认知情况、健康行为调查及知晓率的影响因素分析

Investigation on Cognition,Health Behavior of Women with Cervical Cancer and Analysis on Influencing Factors of Awareness Rate

目的:调查女性宫颈癌认知情况、健康行为,分析影响患者知晓率的影响因素。方法:选择2018年3月至2020年5月于我院进行检查的女性210例为研究对象,采用问卷调查形式对调查对象宫颈癌认知以及防治宫颈癌健康行为进行调查,采用Logistic回归分析影响宫颈癌认知知晓率的危险因素。结果:本次调查共发放问卷210份,回收问卷205份,有效问卷200份,有效问卷率95.24%。调查对象对宫颈癌检查次数、宫颈癌检查目的、生殖道感染症状认知正确率较高,分别为51.50%、48.00%、45.00%,获取宫颈癌防治知识途径较少,3种以上者比例仅占25.50%。健康行为调查结果显示性生活前后偶尔清洁外阴、人工流产次数为1次、偶尔采取避孕措施、从未参与宫颈癌筛查的女性占比分别为47.50%、41.50%、51.50%、47.00%。单因素分析显示年龄、文化程度、居住地、家庭经济收入、宫颈癌家族史、宫颈癌防治信息获取途径与宫颈癌相关防治知识知晓率有关(P<0.05),Logistic回归分析结果显示文化程度低、家庭经济收入低、宫颈癌防治信息获取途径少是影响女性对宫颈癌相关防治知识知晓率的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:被调查女性中对宫颈癌认知度偏低,防范意识薄弱,健康行为不足,应加强宫颈癌筛查和防治宣传,以降低宫颈癌发病率。

Objective:To investigate the cognition and health behavior of women with cervical cancer,to analyze the influencing factors which affect the awareness rate of patients.Methods:210 female patients who examined in our hospital from March 2018 to May2020 were selected as the research objects,the cognition of cervical cancer and health behavior of prevention and treatment of cervical cancer were investigated by questionnaire,Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors influencing the awareness rate of cervical cancer.Results:A total of 210 questionnaires were distributed in this survey,205 questionnaires were collected,and 200 were valid,with the effective questionnaire rate of 95.24%.The subjects had the highest cognitive accuracy ratio on the number of cervical cancer examination,the purpose of cervical cancer examination,the symptoms of reproductive tract infection,which reached 51.50%,48.00%,45.00%respectively.There were few ways to acquire the knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and control,and only 25.50%of the subjects had more than three kinds of knowledge.The results of the health behavior survey showed that the proportion of women who occasionally clean vulva before and after sex life,once a induced abortion,occasionally taking contraceptive measures,and never having cervical cancer screening were 47.50%,41.50%,51.50%,47.00%respectively.Univariate analysis showed that age,education level,place of residence,family income,family history of cervical cancer,access to cervical cancer prevention and treatment information were related to awareness rate of cervical cancer related prevention and treatment knowledge(P<0.05),Logistic regression analysis showed that low education level,low family income and lack of access to cervical cancer prevention and treatment information were the risk factors influencing women’s awareness of cervical cancer related knowledge(P<0.05).Conclusion:The awareness of cervical cancer among women are low in this survey,the awareness of prevention is weak,the health behavior is insufficient,cervical cancer screening and prevention and control should be strengthened,so as to reduce the incidence rate of cervical cancer.