两周期供应链中的医药品零售商战略库存策略研究

Research on Strategic Inventory Strategy of Pharmaceutical Retailers in Two-period Supply Chain

随着医药物流的快速发展,很多大规模的医药销售公司都面临着由于库存过多而导致的货物损耗问题。然而由于医药销售公司的运作环境一直在不断地改变,传统的库存理论和方法已经无法有效地解决医药库存控制中存在的诸多问题。因此需要站在新的角度,运用新的理论和方法来进一步地探索医药库存的运作模式。文章构建一个由单一的供应商和零售商组成的两级两周期供应链模型,该模型考虑了药品失效性对零售商库存策略的影响。此外,通过分析供应链的主体们之间的Stackelberg博弈,求出了相应的子博弈完美纳什均衡,进而探索相对于零库存策略下,战略库存策略在不同的供应链下的应用及其对供应链的各主体决策行为所产生的影响;最后通过算例分析验证模型的有效性和实用性。

With the rapid development of pharmaceutical logistics,many large-scale pharmaceutical sales companies are facing the problem of loss of goods due to excessive inventory.However,because the operating environment of pharmaceutical sales companies has been constantly changing,traditional inventory theories and methods have been unable to effectively solve many problems in pharmaceutical inventory control.Therefore,it is necessary to use new theories and methods to further explore the operation mode of medical inventory from a new perspective.This paper constructs a two-level,two-period supply chain model composed of a single supplier and retailer,which considers the choice of retailer's inventory strategy due to drug failure.In addition,by analyzing the Stackelberg game between supply chain subjects and finding the corresponding sub-game perfect Nash equilibrium,we can study the application of strategic inventory strategy in different types of supply chains and the decision-making behavior of each subject in the supply chain,as opposed to the zero-inventory strategy.In the end,this paper verifies the validity and practicability of the model through an example analysis.