跨境电商对传统外贸企业的影响

The Impact of Cross-border E-commerce on Traditional Foreign Trade Companies

近年来,对外贸易进入转型期,国际贸易环境发生了较大的变化:(1)敏捷生产和供应链管理理念的广泛应用,使得生产企业转向零库存管理;(2)消费者个人消费习惯的改变;(3)风险规避需求的上升。世界贸易总量增长速度自2010年强劲反弹到13.8%后,却呈现连年下滑的趋势,2012年世界贸易仅增长了2%,2013年也不太乐观,因此,在跨境贸易的企业间市场,跨境贸易由大批量交易转向小批量、多批次、短期、快速交易方式;在个人消费市场,由原有的自然人流动附带性购物转为主动性、经常性的跨境购物,跨境交易快速增加,通常以快件和邮件的物流方式为主,使得个人小额、多次、多样化的碎片化交易跨境消费市场规模日益增长,从而推动商业化、规模化企业行为出现,逐渐形成新业态和产业,如代购、海外购物平台。为了科学的评价跨境电子商务对传统外贸企业的影响,帮助传统企业转型,提高传统企业的竞争力,文章依据跨境电子商务的一般理论,通过对跨境电子商务进行SWOT分析,来探讨跨境电子商务对传统外贸企业的影响,并提出相应的对策,采用理论联系实际的方法,运用大量的数据验证跨境电子商务为传统外贸企业带来的转变。

In recent years,foreign trade has entered a transitional period and the international trade environment has undergone major changes:(1)The extensive application of agile production and supply chain management concepts has led production companies to zero inventory management;(2)Changes in consumers'personal consumption habits;(3)Rising demand for risk aversion.Although the growth rate of world trade volume has rebounded strongly from 2010 to 13.8%,it has been declining year after year.In 2012,world trade grew by only 2%.In 2013,it was not optimistic.Therefore,in the cross-border trade,the inter-company market,cross-border trade moves from high-volume transactions to small-batch,multi-batch,short-term,and rapid transactions;in the personal consumer market,the transition from original natural person mobility collateral shopping to initiative,regular cross-border shopping,cross-border the rapid increase in transactions,usually based on express mail and mail logistics,has led to an increase in the scale of cross-border consumer markets for small,multiple and diversified fragmented transactions.As a result,commercialization and large-scale corporate behaviors have emerged and gradually formed.New formats and industries,such as purchasing and overseas shopping platforms.In order to scientifically evaluate the impact of cross-border e-commerce on traditional foreign trade enterprises,help unified enterprise transformation,and improve the competitiveness of traditional enterprises,this paper conducts SWOT analysis on cross-border e-commerce in accordance with the general theory of cross-border e-commerce.To explore the impact of cross-border e-commerce on traditional foreign trade companies,and propose corresponding countermeasures.We use methods that link theory with practice and use large amounts of data to verify the transformation of cross-border e-commerce for traditional foreign trade companies.