英国邻里规划的实践路径及其启示

The Practical Approach of Neighbourhood Planning in the UK and Its Enlightenment

随着城镇化发展进入新的阶段,城市治理重心下移,在社区层面构建共建共治共享的空间治理新格局,开始成为存量时代城市规划领域的关注焦点和核心任务,因此近年来北京、上海、深圳、成都、重庆等地纷纷开始推动社区规划的实践探索。英国在社区层面开展的规划实践早已有之,尤其是2011年地方主义法案颁布之后在法定规划体系当中新增的邻里规划这一规划形式,致力于推动社区的多元行动者共同参与地方愿景和发展计划的制定,强调政府机构和社会力量之间的协商与合作,从而使得社区的发展能够更好地满足在地居民的真实需求。本文对英国邻里规划的操作程序、运行机制和工作路径进行剖析,旨在为我国社区规划的路径探索提供经验与参考。

As the urbanization entered a new development stage,the focus of urban management shifted downward,constructing a new pattern of space governance characterized by co-construction,co-governance and sharing at the community level,which started to become an emerging issue and the core task in the field of urban planning in the era of stock.Therefore,in recent years,practitioners in Beijing,Shanghai,Shenzhen,Chengdu,Chongqing and other cities began to promote and explore community planning.Planning practice at the community level have already been carried out for quite a long period in the UK,especially after the enactment of the Localism Act in 2011,when a new form of neighborhood planning has been added to the National Planning Policy Framework,which is aimed at promoting various parties to participate in formulating local vision and development plan,with the emphasis on negotiation and cooperation between government agencies and social entities,so that the development of the community could better meet the residents’actual demand.This paper analyzes the operation procedure,mechanism and approach of neighborhood planning in the UK,so as to provide experience and reference for the exploration on community planning path in China.