水平遮阳构件对单侧通风及污染物浓度分布的影响研究

Study on the Influence of Horizontal Sun-Shields on Single-Side Natural Ventilation and Pollutant Concentration Dispersion

自然通风是改善室内空气质量的有效方法。本文以水平遮阳构件为研究对象,在三种不同高宽比的街谷形态下,研究了5种水平遮阳构件的宽度对临街建筑的单侧自然通风及室外交通污染扩散的影响。笔者通过开源CFD软件OpenFOAM,建立了流场和污染物扩散的三维数值模型。模拟结果表明,水平遮阳构件的宽度与室内换气率的变化率有非常强的相关性,街谷高宽比越小,相关性越强。对于污染物浓度,当街谷高宽比不同时,水平遮阳构件对其影响作用不同。本文通过讨论水平遮阳构件对单侧通风和污染物浓度分布的影响,为设计者在设计水平遮阳时,从风环境及污染扩散的角度提供相关的设计建议与思路。

Natural ventilation is an effective way to improve the quality of indoor air.This paper takes horizontal sun-shields as the research object.Under three street canyons with different height-to-width ratios,the influence of the width of five horizontal sun-shields on the unilateral natural ventilation of street buildings and the spread of outdoor traffic pollution is studied.The author established a three-dimensional numerical model of the flow field and pollutant diffusion through the open source CFD software OpenFOAM.The simulation results show that the width of the horizontal sun-shields has a very strong correlation with the rate of change of indoor air exchange rate.The smaller the street-valley height-to-width ratio,the stronger the correlation.Regarding to the concentration of pollutants,when the height-to-width ratio of the street canyon is different,the influence of the horizontal sun-shields is different.This paper discusses the influence of horizontal sun-shields on unilateral ventilation and the distribution of pollutant concentration,and provides the designers with relevant design suggestions and ideas from the perspective of wind environment and pollution diffusion when designing horizontal shading.