日偏食期间深圳市天文台气象要素分析

The Meteorological Parameters Analysis in Shenzhen Astronomical Observatory During the Partial Solar Eclipse

2020年6月21日,我国境内发生了日环食,环食带经过西藏、四川、重庆、湖南、江西、福建和台湾,我国其他地方可见日偏食。深圳市天文台的太阳望远镜观测了日偏食的整个过程,同时,基地内的气象设备记录了太阳辐射、温度、湿度和气压等气象参数。日食期间太阳观测和气象要素观测的分析结果表明:(1)从日食初亏到食甚,太阳辐射、温度和气压均下降,随后缓慢上升,受天气条件影响,极小值时刻相对于食甚有滞后,其中,太阳辐射滞后1.37 min,温度滞后6.37 min,气压滞后10.37 min;(2)从初亏到食甚,相对湿度先上升到极大值,然后持续33 min,随后下降,极大值时刻相对于食甚滞后6.37 min;(3)对比日食前后两天气象要素的变化,日食时太阳辐射、温度和相对湿度的变化率比没有日食时高约1个数量级,气压的变化率相差不大;(4)日食期间,日面相对强度和气象要素之间有很强的相关性,相关系数分别达0.95,0.89,-0.82和0.75。

On June 21,2020,an annular eclipse happened in China and the path went through Tibet,Sichuan,Chongqing,Hunan,Jiangxi,Fujian and Taiwan,partial solar eclipse could be observed in other areas.The solar telescope in Shenzhen Astronomical Observatory observed the whole process of the partial solar eclipse.At the same time,the meteorological equipment settled in the observatory obtained solar radiation,temperature,relative humidity,air pressure and other meteorological elements.The analysis of the observational data during the eclipse shows that:(1)solar radiation,temperature and air pressure declined and then ascended slowly from the first contact to maximum of eclipse.Because of the weather,the minimum time lagged behind to the time of eclipse maximum.The time of solar radiation lagged behind by 1.37 minutes,temperature lagged behind by 6.37 minutes and air pressure lagged behind by 10.37 minutes.(2)From the first contact to maximum of eclipse,the relative humidity ascended to the maximum value,lasted for 33 minutes,and then decreased.The maximum time lagged behind the time of eclipse maximum by 6.37 minutes.(3)Comparing the variation of meteorological parameters in the days before and after the solar eclipse,the rate of variation of solar radiation,temperature and relative humidity during the solar eclipse was about one order of magnitude higher than that without the solar eclipse.The variation of air pressure with/without solar eclipse was nearly same.(4)During the solar eclipse,the correlation between the relative intensity of the solar disk and meteorological parameters was strong,with the pearson correlation coefficient are 0.95,0.89,-0.82 and 0.75,respectively.