雄安新区自然资源与环境-生态地质条件分析

Analysis of natural resources and environment eco-geological conditions in the Xiong’an New Area

自然资源、环境本底及生态地质条件调查是城市地质调查的基础,可为城市国土空间规划、建设及精细化管理提供有效的基础地质支撑。随着雄安新区城市进程的加快,使得其自然资源与生态环境发生了翻天覆地的变化。本文基于雄安新区综合地质调查成果,明确了雄安新区自然资源与生态环境本底条件,分析了建设周期内自然资源变化趋势,探讨了未来城市建设应关注的自然资源与生态地质问题。结果表明,雄安新区设立后,土地利用类型发生了巨大改变,林地面积增加约58.1 km^(2),草地面积增加约2.0 km^(2),耕地面积减少68.8 km^(2),建设用地增加7.2 km^(2),土壤质量以优质和良好为主;雄安新区浅层与深层地下水水位总体呈现从西北部往东南部流动,水位逐渐降低,局部存在地下水降落漏斗,浅层地下水水位埋深一般为5^(2)0 m,以企稳回升为主,深层地下水水位一般为25~35 m,水位下降区占比仍较高;白洋淀湿地动植物资源丰富,水质逐渐好转;地热资源开采利用条件好,全区地热流体可开采热量为10.10×10^(16)J/a,折合标准煤346.03万t/a;应重点关注新区存在的生态环境地质问题如地面沉降及地裂缝、地下水水位变化、砂土液化、坑塘、软弱土等,避免因生态环境地质问题引发工程事故,必要时应采取有效的预防措施。

The investigation of natural resources,environmental background and ecological geological conditions is the basis of urban geological survey,which can provide effective basic geological support for urban land spatial planning,construction and delicacy management.With the acceleration of urban development in Xiongan New Area,earth-shaking changes have taken place in its natural resources and ecological environment.Based on the comprehensive geological survey results of Xiongan New Area,the background conditions of natural resources and ecological environment are defined in Xiongan New Area,the variation trend of natural resources is analyzed in the construction cycle,and the natural resources and ecological issues are discussed that should be paid attention to in future urban construction.The results show that the type of land use has been changed dramatically after the establishment of Xiongan New Area.Woods land area increased by about 58.1 km^(2),grass land area increased by about 2.0 km^(2),cultivated land decreased by 68.8 km^(2),and construction land increased by 7.2 km^(2).The soil quality is mainly superior and good.The water table of shallow and deep groundwater generally flows from northwest to southeast in Xiongan New Area and gradually decreases,and depression cones of groundwater exit locally.The depth to ground water in shallow aquifers,mainly stabilizing and rising,is generally 5~20 meters.The depth to ground water in deep aquifers is generally 25~35 meters,and the area of water table decline is still relatively high.The wetland of Baiyangdian is rich in animal and plant resources and its water quality is improving gradually.The exploitation and utilization conditions of geothermal resources are good,and the recoverable heat of geothermal fluid is 10.10×10^(16) J/a,equivalent to 3.4603 million tons/year of standard coal.The ecological environment geological problems should be focused,such as land subsidence and ground cracks,changes of groundwater table,sand liquefaction,potholders and soft soil,etc.existing in the New Area.The effective preventive measures should be taken when necessary to avoid engineering accidents caused by ecological environment geological problems.