流动时代的流动世代:少数民族农民工社会融入的代际比较——以珠江三角洲地区为例

Migrants in an Age of Migration:A Cross-generational Comparison of the Social Cohesion of Migrant Workers of Ethnic Minorities——A Case Study of Pearl River Delta Region

近年来,越来越多的新生代少数民族农民工选择到珠江三角洲地区就业。针对这部分少数民族在珠江三角洲地区的社会融入状况,本研究构建了一套由“经济融入、文化融入、生活融入、心理融入”四个维度构成的指标体系。以该指标体系为基础的研究发现,新生代少数民族农民工的社会融入度略高于上一代,但少数民族整体融入度表现一般。文化因素对新生代少数民族农民工社会融入的影响逐渐减弱,而人力资本因素所占比重不断增加。鉴于此,提升城市民族事务治理现代化能力,扩大少数民族农民工就业资本,做好流入地与流出地两头的对接工作,是推进少数民族农民工社会融入进程的应有之义。

In recent years,a growing number of new-generation migrant workers of ethnic minorities choose to work in the Pearl River Delta region.In order to explore their integration into local communities,this study has established an indicator system that consists of four dimensions,including economic integration,cultural integration,life integration,and psychological integration.Based on the system established,this study conducted a cross-generational comparison,revealing that there was a higher degree of integration into local communities among new-generation migrant workers of ethnic minorities than the last generation,but the overall integration degree was not high.It is noteworthy that the influence of cultural factors on the integration has gradually weakened and that the proportion of human capital has continuously increased.For these reasons,it is essential to take measures,such as improving the governance capacity for urban ethnic affairs,widening the employment capital of migrant workers of ethnic minorities,and doing well in the coordination between inflow and outflow regions,etc.to promote the integration of migrant workers of ethnic minorities into local communities.