中美高校物理本科教育模式的比较与分析

COMPARISON AND ANALYSIS OF PHYSICS UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION MODE BETWEEN CHINA AND AMERICA

建设具有中国特色的世界一流大学既要充分借鉴西方教育的发展经验,又要结合中国实际。多层次的立体式、融合性创新发展模式是高等教育发展的必然趋势。物理学是诸多学科与技术发展不可或缺的基础,物理教育是全球技术经济发展的主要驱动力。因此,本文以6所中美著名大学为研究对象,分别从物理专业本科教学理念、体制特点、课程设置、教师职称结构和师生比等多方面进行比较分析,以期引发我国高校物理本科教育模式的思考,也为建设中国特色的世界一流大学提供有价值的参考信息。

To build a world-class university with Chinese characteristics,we should not only fully learn from the development experience of western education,but also combine with China’s reality.The integration innovation development mode with different levers is the inevitable trend of higher education development.Physics is an indispensable foundation for the development of many disciplines and technologies,and physics education is the main driving force for the development of global technology and economy.Therefore,this paper takes six famous universities of China and the U.S.as the research objects,and makes some comparative analysis from the aspects of undergraduate teaching philosophy,system characteristics,curriculum setting,teacher title structure and teacher-student ratio.The research results are expected to trigger the thinking of undergraduate physics education mode in China’s universities,and provide valuable reference information for building a world-class university with Chinese characteristics.