植骨材料在口腔种植中的应用概况及进展

Summary and Progress of the Application of Bone Graft Materials in Oral Implant

在口腔种植手术中,通过植入植骨材料重建缺失的骨组织,以恢复患处美观及功能。植骨材料的临床应用历史悠久,常用到的植骨材料有自体来源植骨材料、同种异体骨、异种骨和人工合成材料,其生物相容性、骨传导、骨诱导、骨生成和骨改建等性能对植骨手术的成功有至关重要的影响。然而,其中有些材料因本身特点不能同时满足上述性能而限制其在临床的应用效果,成为植骨材料临床应用中亟待解决的问题。解决思路是利用生物制备技术将植骨材料与生长因子或其他材料复合,从而实现优化性能的目的,提高临床应用效果。因此本文重点介绍了各种新型植骨材料的发展和应用及其成果,例如临床常见的植入牙种植体时与Bio-Oss骨粉(小牛骨)或生长因子的结合等,植骨材料的性能优化将有效解决植骨材料临床应用性能单一的问题,促进植骨材料的快速发展。

In oral implant surgery,bone graft materials is implanted to reconstruct the missing bone tissue to restore the appearance and function of the affected area.bone graft materials has been used for a long time.The commonly used bone graft materials includes autologous bone graft mate-rials,allograft bone,heterogeneous bone,and synthetic materials.Their biocompatibility,osteoconduction,osteoinduction,osteogenesis,bone remodeling,and other properties are of vital importance to the success of bone graft surgery.However,some of these materials cannot meet the above performance at the same time due to their own characteristics,so they are subject to various limitations in clinical application,which has become an urgent problem to be solved in the application of bone grafting materials.The solution is to combine bone graft materials with growth factors or other materials by using biological preparation technology,so as to optimize the performance and improve the clinical application effect.This paper mainly introduces the various new bone graft materials development and application and its results,such as clinical common dental implants implanted with Bio-Oss bone meal(calf bone),or the combination of growth factors.Performance optimization of bone graft materials will effectively solve the clinical application of bone graft materials performance of a single problem,promote the rapid development of the bone graft materials.