醇-水体系无表面活性剂纳米ZnO的制备及表征

Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO Nanocrystals in Alcohol-Water Without Surfactants

以乙酸锌为前驱物,乙醇、正丙醇和正丁醇为溶剂,不加入表面活性剂,通过改变反应体系中醇水体积比、pH值、前驱物浓度,在反应温度80℃、反应时间30 min的条件下,制备得到不同尺寸和形貌的纳米氧化锌粒子。通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射和紫外-可见吸收光谱等方法对纳米氧化锌进行了表征。结果表明:所合成的纳米氧化锌样品在350~365 nm范围内具有较为明显的吸收峰,减小醇水体积比、减弱溶剂极性、增加前驱物乙酸锌浓度,均可以导致纳米氧化锌粒子尺寸变大、团聚加重,前驱物溶液pH值的改变对纳米氧化锌的吸收峰影响不大。

ZnO nanocrystals with different sizes and morphologies were synthesized through using zinc acetate as precursor without surfactants under reaction temperature 80℃and reaction time 30 min in different kinds of alcohols as solvent(ethanol,n-propanol and 1-butanol)by changing alcohol to water ratio,pH and precursor concentrations.The synthesized ZnO nanocrystals were characterized by using transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and UV-visible absorption spectrum.The results show that the obtained ZnO nanocrystalline samples could give apparent absorption peaks in the range of 350—365 nm.The sizes and aggregations of the synthesized ZnO nanocrystals could increase by decreasing alcohol to water ratio and the polarity of alcohol.At the same time,the absorption peaks did not changed anymore by changing the precursor pH values.