榨菜收获装备研究现状与展望

Research status and development prospects of tumorous stem mustard harvesting

榨菜作为我国特有的农作物,收获过程大量依赖人工,国外鲜有针对榨菜机械化收获装备的研究,为研制出生产中可推广应用的榨菜收获机械,缓解我国榨菜生产劳动力短缺的困境,促进该特色产业可持续发展,归纳我国榨菜主要产区的种植农艺和收获要求,阐述我国榨菜收获机械化技术研究现状,针对现有榨菜联合收获机、自走式小型榨菜收获机及手扶式榨菜收获机,对相应关键技术、使用效率、收净率、使用寿命对比分析,总结我国榨菜收获机械化存在着关键技术尚未得到改善、收净率低、工作效率不高、使用寿命低等难点,提出我国榨菜产业未来应实现农艺与农机相融合,榨菜机械化收获可分段分节实现,需要提高榨菜收获关键技术研究的创新能力等发展意见,为我国榨菜机械化收获技术与装备的研发提供参考。

Tumorous stem mustard is a unique agricultural product in our country.Tumorous stem mustard harvesting is still mainly artificial.Its harvest is of great significance in solving the shortage of rural labor force and increasing economic profits.To develop a tumorous stem mustard harvester that can meet the requirements of promotion and application,this article summarized the planting agronomy and harvest requirements of the main production areas of tumorous stem mustard in our country by combining literature review.It described the domestic research status of tumorous stem mustard mechanized harvesting.Aiming at the existing tumorous stem mustard combined harvester machinery,small self-propelled stem mustard harvesting machinery,and walk-behind stem mustard harvester,comparative analysis of key technologies,work efficiency,net yield,and service life of each mechanical equipment were analyzed.It also summarized the key technologies of Tumorous Stem mustard harvesting machinery,low net yield,low work efficiency,low service life,and other difficulties.The tumorous stem mustard industry should combine agricultural machinery and agronomy technology in the future that has been put forward.The mechanized harvesting of tumorous stem mustard should be carried out in different links.The innovation ability of key technologies for tumorous stem mustard harvester should be improved.