植保无人机作业参数对棕榈树雾滴沉积的影响

Effect of operation parameters of plant protection UAV on droplet deposition of palm tree

为探究单旋翼油动无人机对高大乔木棕榈树的雾滴沉积效果,设置三因素三水平的正交试验,通过方差分析研究喷头流量、作业高度、飞行速度对棕榈树雾滴沉积、雾滴穿透性、地面流失量的影响程度,并分析试验指标与雾滴沉积、雾滴穿透性、地面流失量的关系。结果表明:最佳作业参数为喷头流量4.2 L/min、作业高度3 m、飞行速度3 m/s,此时雾滴沉积量和雾滴穿透性为0.397μL/cm^(2)和5.01%;影响雾滴沉积效果的主次顺序依次为:作业高度、飞行速度、喷头流量;适当的增加作业高度可以提高雾滴穿透性,增加飞行速度可减小地面流失量。针对棕榈树型高大特点和病虫害位置,优选植保无人机的作业参数,以保证其良好的雾滴沉积效果,本试验可为棕榈树病虫害飞防作业提供参考。

To research the effect of a single-rotor oil-powered drone on the droplet deposition of tall palm trees,a three-factor and three-level orthogonal experiment was set up.It was studied the influence of nozzle flow,operating height,and flight speed on palm tree droplet deposition,droplet penetration,and ground loss by variance analysis.And it was analyzed the relationship between test indicators and droplet deposition,droplet penetration,and ground loss.The results show that the operating height has a significant effect on the penetration of fog droplets.As the operating height increases,the penetration of fog droplets increases,and the amount of ground loss increases.The optimal operation parameters are different under different evaluation indicators.The droplet deposition amount,droplet penetration,and ground loss are the corresponding evaluation parameters for the evaluation indicators(nozzle flow rate,operation height,and flight speed).As the nozzle flow increases,the operating height decreases,the flying speed decreases,the droplet deposition volume increases,and the droplet penetration decreases.As the nozzle flow decreases,the operating height increases.As the flying speed decreases,the droplet penetrability increases.For the palm tree structure and the location of pests and diseases,the operating parameters of the plant protection drone are optimized to ensure a good droplet deposition effect.This test can provide a reference for the flight prevention of palm trees.