套作白三叶草对香蕉枯萎病发病率及土壤微生物群落的影响

Effect of Intercropping of Banana with White Clover on Banana Fusarium Wilt and Soil Microbial Community

为了探明套作白三叶草(Trifolium repens L)后连作蕉园土壤微生物群落的变化及对香蕉枯萎病发病率的影响,在连作蕉园中套作白三叶草,设置单作香蕉和套作白三叶草处理,并通过高通量测序的方法研究了不同处理间土壤微生物群落结构和组成的差异。结果表明,与单作香蕉处理相比,套作白三叶草处理将香蕉枯萎病发病率降低了13.34%,土壤pH值提高了0.54,土壤速效钾含量提高了7.21 mg·kg^(-1)。相比于单作香蕉处理,套作白三叶草处理增加了土壤微生物的多样性,形成了独特的群落结构。并且,套作白三叶草处理改变了土壤微生物的群落组成。与单作香蕉处理相比,套作白三叶草的处理显著降低了尖孢镰刀菌的相对丰度,并增加了GP16和Davidiella菌的相对丰度。由此可知,在连作蕉园中套作白三叶草能显著降低尖孢镰刀菌的数量,提高土壤pH值和微生物的多样性,改变微生物的群落结构,进而降低香蕉枯萎病的发病率。

An attempt was made to explore the changes of soil microbial community in continuous cropping banana orchards after banana was intercropped with white clover(Trifolium repens L)and the effect of the intercropping on the incidence of banana Fusarium wilt.Banana was intercropped with white clover in continuous cropping banana orchards,with monoculture of banana as control.The soil microbial community structure and composition among different treatments in the banana orchards were detected by using high-throughput sequencing and their differences were analyzed.Compared with the monoculture of banana,intercropping of banana with white clover reduced the disease incidence of banana Fusarium wilt by 13.34%,increased the pH value by 0.54,and increased the content of soil available potassium by 7.21 mg·kg^(−1).Compared with the monoculture of banana,the intercropping of banana with white clover significantly increased soil microbial diversity,and formed a unique community structure.Moreover,the intercropping of banana with white clover changed the community composition of soil microorganisms,significantly decreased the relative abundance of Fusarium oxysporum,and increased the relative abundance of GP16 and Davidiella.It is concluded that the intercropping of banana with white clover in continuous cropping banana orchards significantly reduced the number of F.oxysporum,increased soil pH and microbial diversity,changed the community structure of microorganisms,and then reduced the incidence of banana Fusarium wilt disease.