基于数据挖掘探究针灸治疗儿童多动症的取穴规律

Discussion on the rules of acupoint selection by acupuncture and moxibustion in treatment of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder based on data mining

目的开展国内针灸治疗儿童多动症的取穴规律研究,为临床治疗提供理论参考。方法检索1991年1月1日~2020年7月31日中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据知识服务平台(WF)、维普中文期刊服务平台(VIP)和中国生物医学文献服务系统(CBM)中针灸治疗儿童多动症的临床研究文献共258篇,按照纳入排除标准最终筛选出70篇文献,提取文献中的腧穴处方建立数据库,应用Excel 2016、IBM SPSS modeler 18.0和SPSS 20.0软件对腧穴使用情况进行描述性分析、关联规则分析和聚类分析,对选穴规律进行分析总结。结果共纳入72条针灸处方,涉及68个腧穴,使用频次前6位的腧穴依次为百会、太冲、内关、四神聪、三阴交、神门,经脉选用以督脉为主,应用频次最高的腧穴分布在头项部、下肢和上肢部位,特定穴中以交会穴最为常用,关联规则分析显示置信度最高的的穴位组合是内关—太溪—三阴交、内关—足三里—三阴交和太冲—太溪,通过聚类分析共获得4个高频腧穴聚类群和5组核心穴对。结论针灸治疗儿童多动症疗效确切,腧穴选用以督脉、头项部、四肢和交会穴为主,同时挖掘高频穴位的配伍规律,为针灸治疗儿童多动症的临床取穴提供参考依据。

Objective To carry out a study on the acupoint selection rules of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)in China,so as to provide theoretical reference for clinical treatment.Methods From January 1,1991 to July 31,2020,a total of 258 clinical research literature on acupuncture and moxibustion in children with ADHD were retrieved from CNKI,Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform,Weipu Chinese Journal Service Platform and China Biomedical Literature Service System.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,70 literature were finally screened out,and the acupoint prescriptions in the literature were extracted to establish a database.Then,Excel 2016,IBM SPSS modeler 18.0 and SPSS 20.0 software were applied for descriptive analysis,association rule analysis and clustering analysis on the usage of acupoints,and analyze and summarize the rules of point selection.Results A total of 72 acupuncture prescriptions were included,involving 68 acupoints,and the first 6 acupoints in terms of frequency of use were Baihui(GV20),Taichong(LR3),Neiguan(PC6),Sishencong(EX-HN1),Sanyinjiao(SP6)and Shenmen(TF4),with the main used meridian were the governor channel,with the most frequently used acupoints were distributed on the head,lower limbs and upper limbs,and the most frequently used specific acupoints were the crossing acupoints.Rule of association analysis showed that the highest confidence acupoint combinations were Neiguan(PC6)-Taixi(KI3)-Sanyinjiao(SP6),Neiguan(PC6)-Zusanli(ST36)-Sanyinjiao(SP6)and Taichong(IR3)-Taixi(KI3).A total of 4 high-frequency acupoint clusters and 5 core acupoint pairs were obtained through cluster analysis.Conclusions Acupuncture and moxibustion has a definite effect on children’s ADHD.The acupoints are mainly selected on the governor channel,the head and neck,the limbs and the crossing acupoints.At the same time,the compatibility rule of the high frequency acupoints is excavated to provide reference for the clinical acupoints selection of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of children’s ADHD.