中医外科半阴半阳证学术源流及当代应用概述

Overview of academic origin and contemporary application of“half-Yin and half-Yang”syndrome in traditional Chinese medicine surgery

"半阴半阳"证是中医外科中一个独特的证治分型,最早见于南宋陈自明编著的《外科精要》,"半阴半阳"证理论由此开始逐步成长。明初开始对于"半阴半阳"证的认识逐渐深入,首次提出治疗外科疮疡"半阴半阳"证的专用方"冲和膏",该时期对"半阴半阳"证的理论研究得以进一步发展。殆到明末清初,外科专著《外科正宗》的问世,"半阴半阳"证理论更趋于完善,也促进了其理论体系的形成。直至清代,"半阴半阳"证理论终于走向成熟,不仅被运用于外科疮疡辨证中,也被广泛运用于各种外科疾病的辨治中。外科半阴半阳证主要经历了四个发展阶段:起源于唐宋,发展于元明,形成于明清,成熟于清代。至此外科辨证中的"半阴半阳"证体系逐步形成。当代医者将半阴半阳证应用于辨治外科、皮肤科、骨科、内科等多种疾病,为临床治疗提供了新的思路。

“Half-yin and half-yang”Syndrome which first appeared in Surgical Essentials edited by Chen Ziming of Southern Song Dynasty is an unique syndrome in surgery of traditional Chinese medicine.Since then,the theory of“Half-yin and half-yang”Syndrome has been developed gradually.At the beginning of Ming Dynasty,the understanding of the syndrome of“Half-yin and half-yang”was gradually deepened,and the special prescription-chong he ointment was put forward for the first time.During the period of the end of Ming to the beginning of Qing Dynasty,the publication of surgical monograph Authentic Surgery perfected the theory of“Half-yin and half-yang”and promoted the formation of its theoretical system.Until the Qing Dynasty,the theory of“Half-yin and half-yang”finally came to maturity.It was not only applied in the differentiation of symptoms and signs of surgical sores,but also in various surgical diseases.The surgical“Half-yin and half-yang”Syndrome mainly experienced four development stages:originating from Tang and song dynasties,developing in Yuan and Ming dynasties,forming in Ming and Qing dynasties,and maturing in Qing Dynasty.From then on,the“Half-yin and half-yang”Syndrome system in surgical syndrome differentiation gradually came into being.Contemporary TCM doctors apply the“Half-yin and half-yang”Syndrome to the treatment of various diseases,such as surgery,dermatology,orthopedics,internal medicine and so on,which provides a new idea for clinical treatment.